Abstract
Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important pulses. Helicoverpa armigera [Hubner] is the most devastating chickpea pest responsible for substantial yield loss. Chickpea crop is damaged by a large number of insect species, both under field conditions and in storage. Productivity losses by gram pod borer range from 20 to 90 per cent depending upon the severity of insect attack. Among the biotic factors responsible for low yield the, damage due to insect pests is the major limiting factor. Keeping the above facts in view, the present investigation was planned and carried out to establish a new generation molecules are comparatively safer to natural enemies, honeybees and other pollinators than old generation molecules play an important role in reducing the pest populations. Methods: Field experiment was during Rabi season 2018-19 on chickpea in district Rewa. The field was prepared following the recommended package of practices. The incidence of H. armigera was observed from five randomly selected plants from four middle rows of each plot at weekly interval. The spray of insecticides was applied as soon as the pest incidence is noted. The first spray was done at 50% flowering stage of the crop and repeated after 15 days. Pre-treatment observation on pest population was undertaken one day before the application of the first spray by direct counting of H. armigera larvae per five randomly pre-selected plants in each plot. Similar procedure was followed for post-treatment observation which was recorded at 1, 3, 7, 10, 15 days after both the spray operations. Result: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 09 treatments (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 37 g a.i./ha, Fipronil 5% SC @ 50 g a.i./ha, Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./ha, Spinosad 45 SC @ 90 g a.i./ha, Novaluron 10 EC @ 100 g a.i./ha, Emamectine benzoate 5 SG @ 10 g a.i./ha, Neem oil 0.15% , Bt.K. 3.5% and untreated check. First spray of insecticides over all mean analysis indicated that all the insecticidal treatments were significantly effective in reducing the larval population of Helicoverpa armigera Hub. as compared to untreated plots (1.56 larvae/plant) in the first and second spray (0.92 larva/plant) of insecticides over all mean larval population Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./ha was effective in controlling the incidence of gram pod borer due to the first spray (0.59 larva/plant) and also the second spray (0.27 larva/plant) among all treatments. Resulting in the seed yield 1989.00 kg/ha with the highest cost: benefit ratio of 1:12.3, which was followed by the treatment of Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 10 g a.i./ha with cost benefit ratio of 1:10.83.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
All insecticide treatments significantly reduced Helicoverpa larvae relative to untreated plots.
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- all the insecticidal treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigera Hub.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae0pest - Outcome
- larval population of Helicoverpa armigera Hub.e0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- 1.56 larvae/plante0
- Comparator
- untreated plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“all the insecticidal treatments were significantly effective in reducing the larval population of Helicoverpa armigera Hub. as compared to untreated plots (1.56 larvae/plant) in the first and second spray (0.92 larva/plant)”
t0“against Chickpea Pod Borer”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoxacarb controlled pod borer after the first spray at 0.59 larva/plant.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./hae0
- Interactor
- gram pod borere0pest
- Outcome
- incidence of gram pod borere0
- Direction
- controllinge0
- Value
- 0.59 larva/plante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./ha was effective in controlling the incidence of gram pod borer due to the first spray (0.59 larva/plant)”
t0“against Chickpea Pod Borer”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoxacarb controlled pod borer after the second spray at 0.27 larva/plant.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./hae0
- Interactor
- gram pod borere0pest
- Outcome
- incidence of gram pod borere0
- Direction
- controllinge0
- Value
- 0.27 larva/plante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./ha was effective in controlling the incidence of gram pod borer due to the first spray (0.59 larva/plant) and also the second spray (0.27 larva/plant)”
t0“against Chickpea Pod Borer”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoxacarb treatment produced seed yield of 1989.00 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./hat1
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Value
- 1989.00 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resulting in the seed yield 1989.00 kg/ha with the highest cost: benefit ratio of 1:12.3”
t0“against Chickpea Pod Borer”
t1“Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./ha was effective in controlling”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoxacarb had the highest cost benefit ratio, 1:12.3.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./hat1
- Outcome
- cost: benefit ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1:12.3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Resulting in the seed yield 1989.00 kg/ha with the highest cost: benefit ratio of 1:12.3”
t0“against Chickpea Pod Borer”
t1“Indoxacarb 15.8 EC @ 79 g a.i./ha was effective in controlling”
Claim · model-written summary
Emamectin benzoate followed with a cost benefit ratio of 1:10.83.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 10 g a.i./hae0
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe0
- Direction
- followede0
- Value
- 1:10.83e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by the treatment of Emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 10 g a.i./ha with cost benefit ratio of 1:10.83.”
t0“against Chickpea Pod Borer”
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.