Abstract
At present, under the conditions of climate change, for mainly environmental but also economic reasons, especially in the case of new wheat genotypes, alternative cropping systems are recommended in addition to the common conventional system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the integrated system (INTEG) and conventional system (CONV) on the physiological parameters, yield, and mineral composition of the grain, as well as the amount and quality of protein of winter wheat Hymalaya (hybrid cv.) and Formacja (population cv.) against the background of changing hydrothermal conditions in the years of the study. The field experiment was carried out in 2016–2019 in Przecław (50°11′00″ N, 21°29′00″ E), Poland. More favorable values of physiological parameters and grain yield were found in the CONV system than in the INTEG system. A more efficient course of the photosynthesis process in cv. Hymalaya effected a higher grain yield, which was similar in the INTEG system to that of cv. Formacja from the CONV system. The use of the CONV system effected an increase in the grain quality traits as well as the sum of gliadins and glutenins, including the subunits γ gliadins, LMW glutenins, and HMW glutenins. Grain of cv. Hymalaya from the INTEG system had higher contents of Fe, Mn, and Mg and more favorable composition of glutenin proteins and their HMW/LMW ratio than cv. Formacja. Higher values of quality traits and gluten protein fractions and subunits, along with a reduction in the grain yield of wheat cultivars, were favored by periods with rainfall deficit in the wheat ripening period, where low hydrothermal coefficients were recorded.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Physiological parameters were more favorable under CONV than INTEG.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- CONV systeme0
- Outcome
- physiological parameterse0
- Direction
- More favorablee0
- Comparator
- INTEG systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More favorable values of physiological parameters and grain yield were found in the CONV system than in the INTEG system”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was more favorable under CONV than INTEG.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- CONV systeme0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- More favorablee0
- Comparator
- INTEG systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More favorable values of physiological parameters and grain yield were found in the CONV system than in the INTEG system”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
More efficient photosynthesis in Hymalaya was associated with higher grain yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hymalayae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- more efficient course of the photosynthesis processe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A more efficient course of the photosynthesis process in cv. Hymalaya effected a higher grain yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hymalaya yield under INTEG was similar to Formacja yield under CONV.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Formacjae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- CONV systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was similar in the INTEG system to that of cv. Formacja from the CONV system”
e1“a higher grain yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
CONV increased grain quality traits.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- CONV systeme0
- Outcome
- grain quality traitse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of the CONV system effected an increase in the grain quality traits as well as the sum of gliadins and glutenins, including the subunits γ gliadins, LMW glutenins, and HMW glutenins”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
CONV increased gliadin and glutenin sums and named subunits.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- CONV systeme0
- Outcome
- sum of gliadins and gluteninse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- γ gliadins, LMW glutenins, and HMW gluteninse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of the CONV system effected an increase in the grain quality traits as well as the sum of gliadins and glutenins, including the subunits γ gliadins, LMW glutenins, and HMW glutenins”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hymalaya grain under INTEG had higher Fe, Mn and Mg content than Formacja grain.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hymalayae0
- Outcome
- contents of Fe, Mn, and Mge0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Formacjae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain of cv. Hymalaya from the INTEG system had higher contents of Fe, Mn, and Mg and more favorable composition of glutenin proteins and their HMW/LMW ratio than cv. Formacja”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hymalaya grain under INTEG had a more favorable glutenin composition and HMW/LMW ratio than Formacja.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hymalayae0
- Outcome
- composition of glutenin proteins and their HMW/LMW ratioe0
- Direction
- more favorablee0
- Comparator
- Formacjae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain of cv. Hymalaya from the INTEG system had higher contents of Fe, Mn, and Mg and more favorable composition of glutenin proteins and their HMW/LMW ratio than cv. Formacja”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfall deficit during ripening favored higher wheat grain quality traits and gluten protein fractions and subunits.
- Taxon
- wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- quality traits and gluten protein fractions and subunitse0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Setting
- wheat ripening periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values of quality traits and gluten protein fractions and subunits, along with a reduction in the grain yield of wheat cultivars, were favored by periods with rainfall deficit in the wheat ripening period”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainfall deficit during ripening was associated with reduced wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Setting
- wheat ripening periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values of quality traits and gluten protein fractions and subunits, along with a reduction in the grain yield of wheat cultivars, were favored by periods with rainfall deficit in the wheat ripening period”
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