Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and development. Physiological and transcriptome analyses were conducted to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms to long-term Mg deficiency (MD) in banana seedlings at the 6-leaf stage. Banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days, and a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply. Leaf edge chlorosis was observed on the 9th leaf, which gradually turned yellow from the edge to the interior region. Accordingly, the total chlorophyll content was reduced by 47.1%, 47.4%, and 53.8% in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly decreased in the 9th leaf. Transcriptome analysis revealed that MD induced 9,314, 7,425 and 5,716 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively. Of these, the chlorophyll metabolism pathway was preferentially enriched according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. The expression levels of the five candidate genes in leaves were consistent with what is expected during chlorophyll metabolism. Our results suggest that changes in the expression of genes related to chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition result in the yellowing of banana seedling leaves, and these results are helpful for understanding the banana response mechanism to long-term MD.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency caused leaf edge chlorosis and progressive yellowing.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Organ / stage
- 9th leafe0
- Treatment
- Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 dayse1
- Outcome
- Leaf edge chlorosise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Leaf edge chlorosis was observed on the 9th leaf, which gradually turned yellow from the edge to the interior region”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
t0“banana leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency reduced chlorophyll content 47.1% in the interior region.
Verbatim
e0“the total chlorophyll content was reduced by 47.1%, 47.4%, and 53.8% in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
e2“a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency reduced chlorophyll content 47.4% in the center region.
Verbatim
e0“the total chlorophyll content was reduced by 47.1%, 47.4%, and 53.8% in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
e2“a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency reduced chlorophyll content 53.8% in the edge region.
Verbatim
e0“the total chlorophyll content was reduced by 47.1%, 47.4%, and 53.8% in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
e2“a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency significantly decreased net photosynthetic rate in the ninth leaf.
Verbatim
e0“the net photosynthetic rate was significantly decreased in the 9th leaf”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
e2“a mock control was treated with an optimum Mg supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency induced 9,314 differentially expressed genes in the interior leaf region.
- Taxon
- bananae1
- Organ / stage
- interiore0
- Treatment
- MDe0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs)e0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Value
- 9,314e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MD induced 9,314, 7,425 and 5,716 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency induced 7,425 differentially expressed genes in the center leaf region.
- Taxon
- bananae1
- Organ / stage
- centere0
- Treatment
- MDe0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs)e0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Value
- 7,425e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MD induced 9,314, 7,425 and 5,716 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnesium deficiency induced 5,716 differentially expressed genes in the edge leaf region.
- Taxon
- bananae1
- Organ / stage
- edgee0
- Treatment
- MDe0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs)e0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Value
- 5,716e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“MD induced 9,314, 7,425 and 5,716 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the interior, center and edge regions, respectively”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The chlorophyll metabolism pathway was preferentially enriched among the transcriptomic responses.
Verbatim
e0“the chlorophyll metabolism pathway was preferentially enriched according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Five candidate gene expression levels were consistent with chlorophyll metabolism.
Verbatim
e0“The expression levels of the five candidate genes in leaves were consistent with what is expected during chlorophyll metabolism”
e1“banana seedlings were irrigated with a Mg-free nutrient solution for 42 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest gene-expression changes in chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition cause banana leaf yellowing.
Verbatim
e0“changes in the expression of genes related to chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition result in the yellowing of banana seedling leaves”
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