Abstract
Abstract Background Boron (B) nutritional disorders, either deficiency or toxicity, may lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species production, causing damage to cells. Oxidative damage in leaves can be attenuated by supplying silicon (Si). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of increasing foliar B accumulation on cotton plants to determine whether adding Si to the spray solution promotes gains to correct deficiency and toxicity of this micronutrient by decreasing oxidative stress via synthetizing proline and glycine-betaine, thereby raising dry matter production. Results B deficiency or toxicity increased H 2 O 2 and MDA leaf concentration in cotton plants. H 2 O 2 and MDA leaf concentration declined, with quadratic adjustment, as a function of increased leaf B accumulation. Proline and glycine-betaine leaf concentration increased under B-deficiency and B-toxicity. In addition, production of these nonenzymatic antioxidant compounds was greater in plants under toxicity, in relation to deficient plants. Adding Si to the B spray solution reduced H 2 O 2 and MDA concentration in the plants under nutrient deficiency or toxicity. Si reduced H 2 O 2 , primarily in B-deficient plants. Si also increased proline and glycine-betaine concentration, mainly in plants under B toxicity. Dry matter production of B-deficient cotton plants increased up to an application of 1.2 g L − 1 of B. The critical B level in the spray solution for deficiency and toxicity was observed at a concentration of 0.5 and 1.9 g L − 1 of B, respectively, in the presence of Si, and 0.4 and 1.9 g L − 1 of B without it. In addition, the presence of Si in the B solution raised dry matter production in all B concentrations evaluated in this study. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that adding Si to a B solution is important in the foliar spraying of cotton plants because it increases proline and glycine-betaine production and reduces H 2 O 2 and MDA concentration, in addition to mitigating the oxidative stress in cotton plants under B deficiency or toxicity.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
B deficiency or toxicity increased cotton leaf H 2 O 2 concentration.
- Taxon
- cotton plants
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- B deficiency or toxicitye0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B deficiency or toxicity increased H 2 O 2 and MDA leaf concentration in cotton plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
B deficiency or toxicity increased cotton leaf MDA concentration.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- B deficiency or toxicitye0
- Outcome
- MDAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B deficiency or toxicity increased H 2 O 2 and MDA leaf concentration in cotton plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton leaf H 2 O 2 concentration declined quadratically as leaf B accumulation increased.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Compound
- leaf B accumulatione0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- declinede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H 2 O 2 and MDA leaf concentration declined, with quadratic adjustment, as a function of increased leaf B accumulation.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton leaf MDA concentration declined quadratically as leaf B accumulation increased.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Compound
- leaf B accumulatione0
- Outcome
- MDAe0
- Direction
- declinede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H 2 O 2 and MDA leaf concentration declined, with quadratic adjustment, as a function of increased leaf B accumulation.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline leaf concentration increased under B deficiency and toxicity.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- B-deficiency and B-toxicitye0
- Outcome
- Prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proline and glycine-betaine leaf concentration increased under B-deficiency and B-toxicity.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
glycine-betaine leaf concentration increased under B deficiency and toxicity.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- B-deficiency and B-toxicitye0
- Outcome
- glycine-betainee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proline and glycine-betaine leaf concentration increased under B-deficiency and B-toxicity.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding Si to B spray reduced cotton H 2 O 2 under B deficiency or toxicity.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Adding Si to the B spray solutione0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- nutrient deficiency or toxicitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding Si to the B spray solution reduced H 2 O 2 and MDA concentration in the plants under nutrient deficiency or toxicity.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding Si to B spray reduced cotton MDA under B deficiency or toxicity.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Adding Si to the B spray solutione0
- Outcome
- MDAe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- nutrient deficiency or toxicitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding Si to the B spray solution reduced H 2 O 2 and MDA concentration in the plants under nutrient deficiency or toxicity.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Si reduced H2O2 especially in B-deficient cotton.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- H 2 O 2e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- B-deficient plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si reduced H 2 O 2 , primarily in B-deficient plants.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Si increased cotton proline, mainly under B toxicity.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- B toxicitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si also increased proline and glycine-betaine concentration, mainly in plants under B toxicity.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Si increased cotton glycine-betaine, mainly under B toxicity.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- glycine-betainee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- B toxicitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si also increased proline and glycine-betaine concentration, mainly in plants under B toxicity.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton dry matter production under B deficiency rose up to 1.2 g L − 1 B application.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- 1.2 g L − 1 of Be0
- Outcome
- Dry matter productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dry matter production of B-deficient cotton plants increased up to an application of 1.2 g L − 1 of B.”
Claim · model-written summary
With Si, the critical spray B concentration for deficiency was 0.5 g L − 1.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- presence of Sie0
- Outcome
- critical B levele0
- Value
- 0.5e0
- Qualifier
- deficiencye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The critical B level in the spray solution for deficiency and toxicity was observed at a concentration of 0.5 and 1.9 g L − 1 of B, respectively, in the presence of Si”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
With Si, the critical spray B concentration for toxicity was 1.9 g L − 1.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- presence of Sie0
- Outcome
- critical B levele0
- Value
- 1.9 g L − 1 of Be0
- Qualifier
- toxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The critical B level in the spray solution for deficiency and toxicity was observed at a concentration of 0.5 and 1.9 g L − 1 of B, respectively, in the presence of Si”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Without Si, the critical spray B concentration for deficiency was 0.4 g L − 1.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- critical B levele1
- Value
- 0.4e0
- Qualifier
- without ite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.4 and 1.9 g L − 1 of B without it.”
t0“cotton plants”
e1“The critical B level in the spray solution for deficiency and toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Without Si, the critical spray B concentration for toxicity was 1.9 g L − 1.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- critical B levele1
- Value
- 1.9 g L − 1 of Be0
- Qualifier
- without ite0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.4 and 1.9 g L − 1 of B without it.”
t0“cotton plants”
e1“The critical B level in the spray solution for deficiency and toxicity”
Claim · model-written summary
Si in B spray increased cotton dry matter production at every tested B concentration.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- presence of Si in the B solutione0
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- raisede0
- Qualifier
- all B concentrationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of Si in the B solution raised dry matter production in all B concentrations evaluated in this study.”
t0“cotton plants”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.