Abstract
Abiotic stresses adversely influence crop productivity and salt stress is one limiting factor. Plants need to evolve their defense mechanisms to survive in such fluctuating scenarios at either the biochemical, physiological, or molecular level. The analytical/critical investigations of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) plants that involve looking into transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles could give a comprehensive picture of the response of the cotton plant to salt stress. This study was conducted on pre-treated cotton seeds by soaking them in a 3% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution at room temperature for 0.5, 1, and 1.5 h. In total, 3738 and 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites, respectively, were discovered. The prominent DEGs included AtCCC1, EP1, NHE, AtpOMT, GAST1, CLC-c, ARP, AtKIN14, AtC3H2, COP9, AtHK-2, and EID1 to code for the regulation of seed growth, abscisic acid receptor PYR/PYL, a cellular response regarding stress tolerance (especially to salt) and germination, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and auxin-activated signaling pathways. A more significant amount of transcription factors, including the ethylene-responsive TFs ERF (205), bHLH (252), ZF-domains (167), bHLH (101), MYB (92), NAC (83), GATA (43), auxin-responsive proteins (30), MADs-box (23), bZIP (27), and HHO (13) were discovered in samples of NaCl-pretreated cotton seedlings under different treatments. The functional annotations of DEGs exposed their important roles in regulating different phytohormones and signal-transduction-mediated pathways in salt-treated seeds. The metabolites analysis revealed differential accumulation of flavonols, phenolic acid, amino acids, and derivatives in seedling samples treated for 0.5 h with NaCl. The conjoint analysis that showed most of the DEGs were associated with the production and regulation of glucose-1-phosphate, uridine 5′-diphospho-D-glucose, and 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate under salt stress conditions. These results indicated positive effects of NaCl 0.5 h treatments on seedlings’ germination and growth, seemingly by activating specific growth-promoting enzymes and metabolites to alleviate adverse effects of salt stress. Hence, seed pre-treatment with NaCl can be beneficial in future cotton management and breeding programs to enhance growth and development under salt stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
About 3738 differentially expressed genes and 285 metabolites were discovered in NaCl-pretreated cotton.
- Taxon
- Cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt1 - Outcome
- differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolitese0
- Value
- 3738 and 285e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In total, 3738 and 285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites, respectively, were discovered”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Many transcription factor families, including ERF, bHLH, MYB and NAC, were discovered in NaCl-pretreated cotton seedlings.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse1
- Treatment
- NaCl-pretreatede1
- Outcome
- transcription factorse1
- Value
- ERF (205), bHLH (252), ZF-domains (167), bHLH (101), MYB (92), NAC (83), GATA (43), auxin-responsive proteins (30), MADs-box (23), bZIP (27), and HHO (13)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“A more significant amount of transcription factors, including the ethylene-responsive TFs ERF (205), bHLH (252), ZF-domains (167), bHLH (101), MYB (92), NAC (83), GATA (43), auxin-responsive proteins (30), MADs-box (23), bZIP (27), and HHO (13) were discovered in samples of NaCl-pretreated cotton seedlings under different treatments”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonols, phenolic acid, amino acids and their derivatives differentially accumulated in cotton seedling samples treated with NaCl for 0.5 h.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Organ / stage
- seedling samplese2
- Treatment
- treated for 0.5 h with NaCle2
- Outcome
- differential accumulation of flavonols, phenolic acid, amino acids, and derivativese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The metabolites analysis revealed differential accumulation of flavonols, phenolic acid, amino acids, and derivatives in seedling samples treated for 0.5 h with NaCl”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most cotton DEGs were associated with the production and regulation of glucose-1-phosphate, uridine diphosphate glucose and 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate under salt stress.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Treatment
- salt stress conditionse3
- Compound
- glucose-1-phosphatee3
- Outcome
- production and regulatione3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The conjoint analysis that showed most of the DEGs were associated with the production and regulation of glucose-1-phosphate, uridine 5′-diphospho-D-glucose, and 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate under salt stress conditions”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl 0.5 h pretreatment had positive effects on cotton seedling germination and growth under salt stress.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Treatment
- NaCl 0.5 h treatmentse4
- Outcome
- germination and growthe4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“These results indicated positive effects of NaCl 0.5 h treatments on seedlings’ germination and growth, seemingly by activating specific growth-promoting enzymes and metabolites to alleviate adverse effects of salt stress”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Activation of growth-promoting enzymes and metabolites is suggested to explain the positive effect of NaCl 0.5 h pretreatment on cotton germination and growth.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Outcome
- germination and growthe4
- Qualifier
- activating specific growth-promoting enzymes and metabolitese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“These results indicated positive effects of NaCl 0.5 h treatments on seedlings’ germination and growth, seemingly by activating specific growth-promoting enzymes and metabolites to alleviate adverse effects of salt stress”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional annotations of DEGs point to important roles in regulating phytohormones and signal-transduction pathways in salt-treated cotton seeds.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Treatment
- salt-treated seedse5
- Outcome
- regulating different phytohormones and signal-transduction-mediated pathwayse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The functional annotations of DEGs exposed their important roles in regulating different phytohormones and signal-transduction-mediated pathways in salt-treated seeds”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed pre-treatment with NaCl is recommended for cotton management and breeding to enhance growth and development under salt stress.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume6
- Treatment
- seed pre-treatment with NaCle6
- Outcome
- enhance growth and development under salt stresse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Hence, seed pre-treatment with NaCl can be beneficial in future cotton management and breeding programs to enhance growth and development under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The prominent cotton DEGs include genes such as AtCCC1, EP1, NHE, AtpOMT and EID1 with roles in seed growth, ABA, stress tolerance and hormone signalling.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutumt1
- Gene
- AtCCC1, EP1, NHE, AtpOMT, GAST1, CLC-c, ARP, AtKIN14, AtC3H2, COP9, AtHK-2, and EID1e7
- Outcome
- prominent DEGse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The prominent DEGs included AtCCC1, EP1, NHE, AtpOMT, GAST1, CLC-c, ARP, AtKIN14, AtC3H2, COP9, AtHK-2, and EID1 to code for the regulation of seed growth, abscisic acid receptor PYR/PYL, a cellular response regarding stress tolerance (especially to salt) and germination, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and auxin-activated signaling pathways”
t1“Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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