Abstract
Abstract Gibberellin A 4 A 7 (GA 4-7 ) and benzyladenine (BA) were applied to ‘Starkrimson Delicious’ apples from 1969 through 1972. In initial tests, GA 4-7 + BA (50 to 200 ppm each) increased fruit length, fruit wt and length/diam ratio (L/D) but did not alter diam or fruit color. Firmness and seed numbers were reduced only at 200 ppm. At concn above 50 ppm flower initiation was substantially reduced. Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective. To be most effective, these materials must be applied between full bloom and petal fall. In general, a single application was more effective than split applications. Repeated annual applications of 50 ppm resulted in continued good response and no adverse effects. In one of the 4 years tested, fruit set but not commercial crop, was significantly reduced by applications of GA 4-7 + BA. Air blast applications were as effective as hand gun applications even when the amount of spray mixture/acre was substantially reduced. The average fruit weight response in all experiments reported was 12 and 20% at 25 and 50 ppm, respectively. The improved fruit shape and increased fruit mass could justify the use of GA 4-7 + BA in apple producing areas where post bloom temp conditions reduce “typiness”.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
GA and BA at 50 to 200 ppm increased fruit length, weight and length-to-diameter ratio.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 4-7 + BA (50 to 200 ppm each) increased fruit length, fruit wt and length/diam ratio (L/D) but did not alter diam or fruit color.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
GA and BA did not alter fruit diameter or color.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA 4-7 + BA (50 to 200 ppm each) increased fruit length, fruit wt and length/diam ratio (L/D) but did not alter diam or fruit color.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Firmness and seed number were reduced only at 200 ppm.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Firmness and seed numbers were reduced only at 200 ppm.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Concentrations above 50 ppm substantially reduced flower initiation.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At concn above 50 ppm flower initiation was substantially reduced.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
25 ppm was as effective as 50 ppm, while lower concentrations were ineffective.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Applications between full bloom and petal fall were most effective.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“To be most effective, these materials must be applied between full bloom and petal fall.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
A single application was generally more effective than split applications.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a single application was more effective than split applications.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated annual 50 ppm applications retained a good response without adverse effects.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated annual applications of 50 ppm resulted in continued good response and no adverse effects.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
In one year, GA and BA significantly reduced fruit set.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In one of the 4 years tested, fruit set but not commercial crop, was significantly reduced by applications of GA 4-7 + BA.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
The same applications did not significantly reduce commercial crop.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In one of the 4 years tested, fruit set but not commercial crop, was significantly reduced by applications of GA 4-7 + BA.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Air blast application was as effective as hand gun application with less spray mixture.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Air blast applications were as effective as hand gun applications even when the amount of spray mixture/acre was substantially reduced.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25 ppm, average fruit weight response was 12%.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
- Value
- 12 and 20%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average fruit weight response in all experiments reported was 12 and 20% at 25 and 50 ppm, respectively.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50 ppm, average fruit weight response was 20%.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0e1t0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average fruit weight response in all experiments reported was 12 and 20% at 25 and 50 ppm, respectively.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
t0“‘Delicious’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest GA and BA use where post-bloom temperatures reduce typical apple shape.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The improved fruit shape and increased fruit mass could justify the use of GA 4-7 + BA in apple producing areas where post bloom temp conditions reduce “typiness”.”
e1“Concentrations of 25 ppm were as effective as 50 ppm but concentrations below 25 ppm were not effective.”
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