Paper · 1978 · Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science

Modification of Apple Quality by High Temperature1

F. W. Liu

6
claims
15
verbatim quotes
44
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Abstract High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 days lowered the acidity of 4 cultivars of apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.). The preheated fruit was firmer than the control during 2 to 4 weeks of holding at 21°. The treatment also accelerated the loss of chlorophyll from the fruit skin. The soluble solid content of the fruit was not affected. Apples after the heat treatment had a normal respiratory climacteric and normal ethylene production rates. Some feasibility of applying high temperature to improve apple quality seems to exist.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat treatment lowered apple acidity.

Treatment
High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 dayse0
Outcome
aciditye0
Direction
lowerede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 days lowered the acidity of 4 cultivars of apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–121 · show in text ↑
t0

“Modification of Apple Quality by High Temperature1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–50 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat treatment firmer apple firmer.

Treatment
High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 dayse1
Outcome
firmere0
Direction
firmere0
Comparator
the controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The preheated fruit was firmer than the control during 2 to 4 weeks of holding at 21°.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 122–208 · show in text ↑
e1

“High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 days lowered the acidity of 4 cultivars of apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–121 · show in text ↑
t0

“Modification of Apple Quality by High Temperature1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–50 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat treatment accelerated apple loss of chlorophyll.

Treatment
High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 dayse1
Outcome
loss of chlorophylle0
Direction
acceleratede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The treatment also accelerated the loss of chlorophyll from the fruit skin.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 209–284 · show in text ↑
e1

“High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 days lowered the acidity of 4 cultivars of apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–121 · show in text ↑
t0

“Modification of Apple Quality by High Temperature1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–50 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat treatment not affected apple soluble solid content.

Treatment
High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 dayse1
Outcome
soluble solid contente0
Direction
not affectede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The soluble solid content of the fruit was not affected.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 285–341 · show in text ↑
e1

“High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 days lowered the acidity of 4 cultivars of apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–121 · show in text ↑
t0

“Modification of Apple Quality by High Temperature1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–50 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heat-treated apples had normal respiratory climacteric and ethylene production rates.

Outcome
normal respiratory climacteric and normal ethylene production ratese0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Apples after the heat treatment had a normal respiratory climacteric and normal ethylene production rates.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 342–448 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors considered high-temperature treatment feasible for improving apple quality.

Outcome
applying high temperature to improve apple qualitye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Some feasibility of applying high temperature to improve apple quality seems to exist.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 449–535 · show in text ↑
e1

“High temperature (40°C) for 2 and 4 days lowered the acidity of 4 cultivars of apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–121 · show in text ↑
t0

“Modification of Apple Quality by High Temperature1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–50 · show in text ↑

heat · quality: sugar starch · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ

16 papers: 7 positive, 9 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

heat · molecular: metabolites · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ

18 papers: 10 positive, 8 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

14 papers more in this group

See all 18 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.