Abstract
Water scarcity is a major limiting factor for crop yield production in arid and water-stressed areas worldwide. Cucumber plants have a high transpiration ratio and are vulnerable to drought. Grafting commercial genotypes onto selected strong rootstocks has been useful in mitigating the effects of drought. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility of using a novel rootstock plant's tolerance to water-deficit stress in inducing drought tolerance in cucumbers by activating the stress-response gene expression and the antioxidant system, which improved the cucumber quality and yield under water-deficit conditions. This field experiment was conducted for > 2 years, 2020 and 2021, with five drought stress tolerant genotypes (i.e., rootstock) and drought-sensitive genotype Luerans (i.e., a scion). They were subjected to various deficit irrigation levels for 12 days, and their agro-physiological and molecular responses to water-deficit stress were assessed. The results of the study showed that the agronomical parameters, including the leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), number of leaves, plant height, root dry matter shoot dry matter, rates of leaf appearance and stem elongation, and total yield significantly increased with grafted cucumber plants than with non-grafted cucumber plants (control) under normal and stressful conditions.Similar results were observed in the physiological measurements in terms of antioxidant enzymes, abscisic acid levels, gibberellic acid content, and lower lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA). Grafting of Luerans (section) on five rootstocks significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase), improved the gibberellic acid and proline accumulation, and reduced the content of lipid peroxidation and abscisic acid. Furthermore, the real-time polymerase chain reaction expression results revealed that transcript levels of the stress-response genes CsAGO1 and CsDCLs increased rapidly and continuously in five rootstock grafting. Concurrently, these findings suggest that grafting with local varieties of novel drought-tolerant rootstock genotypes could improve drought tolerance in drought-sensitive cucumber genotypes.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted cucumber plants had significantly increased leaf area, leaf water content and number of leaves compared with non-grafted plants under normal and stressful conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumbers
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- grafted cucumber plantse1
- Outcome
- leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), number of leavese1
- Direction
- significantly increasede1
- Qualifier
- under normal and stressful conditionse1
- Comparator
- non-grafted cucumber plantse1
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e1“the agronomical parameters, including the leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), number of leaves, plant height, root dry matter shoot dry matter, rates of leaf appearance and stem elongation, and total yield significantly increased with grafted cucumber plants than with non-grafted cucumber plants (control) under normal and stressful conditions”
e2“This field experiment was conducted for > 2 years, 2020 and 2021”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted cucumber plants had significantly increased plant height, root dry matter and shoot dry matter compared with non-grafted plants under normal and stressful conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- grafted cucumber plantse1
- Outcome
- plant height, root dry matter shoot dry mattere1
- Direction
- significantly increasede1
- Qualifier
- under normal and stressful conditionse1
- Comparator
- non-grafted cucumber plantse1
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e1“the agronomical parameters, including the leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), number of leaves, plant height, root dry matter shoot dry matter, rates of leaf appearance and stem elongation, and total yield significantly increased with grafted cucumber plants than with non-grafted cucumber plants (control) under normal and stressful conditions”
e2“This field experiment was conducted for > 2 years, 2020 and 2021”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafted cucumber plants had significantly increased rates of leaf appearance, stem elongation and total yield compared with non-grafted plants under normal and stressful conditions.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- grafted cucumber plantse1
- Outcome
- rates of leaf appearance and stem elongation, and total yielde1
- Direction
- significantly increasede1
- Qualifier
- under normal and stressful conditionse1
- Comparator
- non-grafted cucumber plantse1
- Setting
- field experimente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e1“the agronomical parameters, including the leaf area (LA), leaf water content (LWC), number of leaves, plant height, root dry matter shoot dry matter, rates of leaf appearance and stem elongation, and total yield significantly increased with grafted cucumber plants than with non-grafted cucumber plants (control) under normal and stressful conditions”
e2“This field experiment was conducted for > 2 years, 2020 and 2021”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting on five rootstocks significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Graftinge3
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese3
- Direction
- raisede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e3“Grafting of Luerans (section) on five rootstocks significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting improved gibberellic acid and proline accumulation in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Graftinge3
- Outcome
- gibberellic acid and proline accumulatione4
- Direction
- improvede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e3“Grafting of Luerans (section) on five rootstocks significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase)”
e4“improved the gibberellic acid and proline accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting reduced lipid peroxidation content and abscisic acid content in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- Graftinge3
- Outcome
- content of lipid peroxidation and abscisic acide5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e3“Grafting of Luerans (section) on five rootstocks significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and peroxidase)”
e5“reduced the content of lipid peroxidation and abscisic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Five rootstock grafting increased transcript levels of the stress-response genes CsAGO1 and CsDCLs rapidly and continuously in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- five rootstock graftinge6
- Gene
- CsAGO1 and CsDCLse6
- Outcome
- transcript levelse6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- rapidly and continuouslye6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e6“transcript levels of the stress-response genes CsAGO1 and CsDCLs increased rapidly and continuously in five rootstock grafting”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting with local drought-tolerant rootstock genotypes could improve drought tolerance in drought-sensitive cucumber genotypes.
- Taxon
- cucumber genotypesCucumis sativuse7
- Outcome
- drought tolerancee7
- Qualifier
- grafting with local varieties of novel drought-tolerant rootstock genotypese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in cucumbers”
e7“grafting with local varieties of novel drought-tolerant rootstock genotypes could improve drought tolerance in drought-sensitive cucumber genotypes”
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