Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is considered as phytotoxic in nature, its toxicity on the plant development decrease the antioxidative enzymes activities under stress environment. Castor (Ricinus Communis L.) is a metal tolerant plant and its ability to survive in highly polluted soils. Castor plant exhibited the high level of the Cd stress in the soil and buildup the antioxidants i.e., super oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MAD) on the top of the ground parts under Cd stress. Castor plant grown in the treated soil for 30 days in various levels of Cd 0, 10, 25 and 50 mg kg-1 soil treatments. Stress caused by heavy metal toxicity effects on reduced the plant growth, biomass, of castor plant respectively under 25- 50 mg kg-1 stress as against to control treatment. Our results indicated that castor significantly enhanced the Cd contents in root, stem and leaves. The POD and SOD enzyme activities were significantly increased 215.30 µmol/g-1 and 53.20 U/g respectively under 50 mg kg-1 stress as against control. While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control. According to Pearson’s correlation the our research work exposed strongly positive relationship with root, shoot, proline and malionaldihyde. Although the destructive relationship was demonstrated by PoD and SOD enzyme activities. Hence, this study recommended that castor can grow in highly polluted soils for phytoremediation
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metal toxicity reduced plant growth of castor relative to control.
- Taxon
- castor
Ricinus communist0 - Treatment
- Stress caused by heavy metal toxicitye1
- Outcome
- plant growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Stress caused by heavy metal toxicity effects on reduced the plant growth, biomass, of castor plant respectively under 25- 50 mg kg-1 stress as against to control treatment”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metal toxicity reduced castor biomass relative to control.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- Stress caused by heavy metal toxicitye1
- Outcome
- biomasse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- control treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Stress caused by heavy metal toxicity effects on reduced the plant growth, biomass, of castor plant respectively under 25- 50 mg kg-1 stress as against to control treatment”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Castor significantly enhanced Cd contents in root, stem and leaves.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- Cde2
- Outcome
- Cd contents in root, stem and leavese2
- Direction
- enhancede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“castor significantly enhanced the Cd contents in root, stem and leaves”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress, POD activity of castor was significantly increased to 215.30 µmol/g-1 relative to control.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- 50 mg kg-1 stresse3
- Outcome
- PODe3
- Direction
- significantly increasede3
- Value
- 215.30 µmol/g-1e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The POD and SOD enzyme activities were significantly increased 215.30 µmol/g-1 and 53.20 U/g respectively under 50 mg kg-1 stress as against control”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress, SOD activity of castor was significantly increased to 53.20 U/g relative to control.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- 50 mg kg-1 stresse3
- Outcome
- SODe3
- Direction
- significantly increasede3
- Value
- 53.20 U/ge3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The POD and SOD enzyme activities were significantly increased 215.30 µmol/g-1 and 53.20 U/g respectively under 50 mg kg-1 stress as against control”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress, MAD in castor decreased to 3.11% relative to control.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stresse4
- Outcome
- MADe4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 3.11%e4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress, chlorophyll content of castor decreased to 0.48% relative to control.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stresse4
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 0.48%e4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress, proline content of castor decreased to 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 relative to control.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stresse4
- Outcome
- proline contente4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1e4
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Root, shoot, proline and malondialdehyde of castor were strongly positively correlated.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoote5
- Outcome
- root, shoot, proline and malionaldihydee5
- Direction
- strongly positive relationshipe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“our research work exposed strongly positive relationship with root, shoot, proline and malionaldihyde”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
POD and SOD enzyme activities were destructively related to the growth variables of castor.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Gene
- PoD and SODe6
- Outcome
- PoD and SOD enzyme activitiese6
- Direction
- destructive relationshipe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“the destructive relationship was demonstrated by PoD and SOD enzyme activities”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
Claim · model-written summary
Castor can grow in highly polluted soils and is recommended for phytoremediation.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communise7
- Outcome
- grow in highly polluted soils for phytoremediatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“this study recommended that castor can grow in highly polluted soils for phytoremediation”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress in the soil caused castor to build up antioxidants in the ground parts.
- Taxon
- CastorRicinus communise7
- Organ / stage
- ground partse7
- Treatment
- Cd stresse7
- Outcome
- the antioxidantse7
- Direction
- buildupe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Castor plant exhibited the high level of the Cd stress in the soil and buildup the antioxidants i.e., super oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MAD) on the top of the ground parts under Cd stress”
t0“Castor (Ricinus Communis L)”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · physiology: osmolytes · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Results differ
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
cadmium atom · nutrient: content · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
cadmium atom · physiology: pigments · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
heavy metal · physiology: osmolytes · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
heavy metal · physiology: oxidative · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
heavy metal · growth · Ricinus communis (castor bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.