Abstract
The study of the regulatory mechanism of exogenous plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the relevant physiological indicators is essential to maintain the normal growth of Rosa hybrida under high-temperature conditions. The photosynthetic and physiological characteristics of the ornamental cut rose Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’ under high temperature were studied by spraying leaves with various concentrations of exogenous salicylic acid (SA; 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mmol·L−1), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA; 10, 20, 30, or 50 μmol·L−1), abscisic acid (ABA; 10, 20, 30, or 50 mg·L−1), or distilled water (control). The results indicated that a foliar spray of either SA, 6-BA, or ABA could mitigate the impact of high temperatures. Compared to the control, the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’, while decreasing the leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and altered the proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents. The results showed that foliar sprays of SA, 6-BA, or ABA could enhance the heat tolerance of ‘Carolla’ by promoting photosynthesis, cell membrane structural stability, antioxidant enzyme activity, and osmoregulation in plants under high-temperature stress. The experiment showed that 1.5 mmol·L−1 SA, 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA, or 75 μmol·L−1 ABA could alleviate the damage caused by high temperatures, with 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA having the best effect.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased gas exchange and water use efficiency under heat.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’
Rosa hybrid cultivart0 - Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
6-BA increased gas exchange and water use efficiency under heat.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 6-BAe0
- Outcome
- net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA increased gas exchange and water use efficiency under heat.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
SA reduced membrane injury indicators under heat.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’, while decreasing the leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
6-BA reduced membrane injury indicators under heat.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 6-BAe0
- Outcome
- leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’, while decreasing the leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA reduced membrane injury indicators under heat.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the net CO2 assimilation rate (An), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of ‘Carolla’, while decreasing the leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
SA raised antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
6-BA raised antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 6-BAe0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA raised antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
SA altered osmolyte contents.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contentse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and altered the proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
6-BA altered osmolyte contents.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 6-BAe0
- Outcome
- proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contentse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and altered the proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA altered osmolyte contents.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contentse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applications of SA, 6-BA, or ABA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and altered the proline (Pro), soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
A 1.5 mmol·L−1 SA spray alleviated heat damage.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 1.5 mmol·L−1 SAe0
- Outcome
- damage caused by high temperaturese0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1.5 mmol·L−1 SA, 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA, or 75 μmol·L−1 ABA could alleviate the damage caused by high temperatures”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
A 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA spray alleviated heat damage and had the best effect.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 20 μmol·L−1 6-BAe0
- Outcome
- damage caused by high temperaturese0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
- Qualifier
- best effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1.5 mmol·L−1 SA, 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA, or 75 μmol·L−1 ABA could alleviate the damage caused by high temperatures, with 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA having the best effect”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
Claim · model-written summary
A 75 μmol·L−1 ABA spray alleviated heat damage.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- 75 μmol·L−1 ABAe0
- Outcome
- damage caused by high temperaturese0
- Direction
- alleviatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1.5 mmol·L−1 SA, 20 μmol·L−1 6-BA, or 75 μmol·L−1 ABA could alleviate the damage caused by high temperatures”
t0“Rosa hybrida ‘Carolla’”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · physiology: water · Rosa hybrid cultivarResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
N-benzyladenine · pest · Rosa hybrid cultivarResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.