Abstract
BACKGROUND: The timing of bud break is very important for the flowering and fruiting of longan. To obtain new insights into the underlying regulatory mechanism of bud break in longan, a comparative analysis was conducted in three flower induction stages of two longan varieties with opposite flowering phenotypes by using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). RESULTS: In total, 3180 unique proteins were identified in 18 samples, and 1101 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified. "SX" ("Shixia"), a common longan cultivated variety that needs an appropriate period of low temperatures to accumulate energy and nutrients for flower induction, had a strong primary inflorescence, had a strong axillary inflorescence, and contained high contents of sugars, and most DAPs during the bud break process were enriched in assimilates and energy metabolism. Combined with our previous transcriptome data, it was observed that sucrose synthase 6 (SS6) and granule-bound starch synthase 1 (GBSSI) might be the key DAPs for "SX" bud break. Compared to those of "SX", the primary inflorescence, axillary inflorescence, floral primordium, bract, and prophyll of "SJ" ("Sijimi") were weaker. In addition, light, rather than a high sugar content or chilling duration, might act as the key signal for triggering bud break. In addition, catalase isozyme 1, an important enzyme in the redox cycle, and RuBisCO, a key enzyme in the Calvin cycle of photosynthetic carbon assimilation, might be the key DAPs for SJ bud break. CONCLUSION: Our results present a dynamic picture of the bud break of longan, not only revealing the temporal specific expression of key candidate genes and proteins but also providing a scientific basis for the genetic improvement of this fruit tree species.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The analysis identified 3180 unique proteins in 18 samples.
- Taxon
- longan
Dimocarpus longant0 - Outcome
- unique proteinse0
- Value
- 3180 unique proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In total, 3180 unique proteins were identified in 18 samples”
t0“bud break in longan”
Claim · model-written summary
The analysis identified 1101 differentially abundant proteins.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longant0
- Outcome
- differentially abundant proteinse0
- Value
- 1101 differentially abundant proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1101 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified”
t0“bud break in longan”
Claim · model-written summary
SX had strong primary and axillary inflorescences.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longane0
- Material
- "SX"e0
- Outcome
- strong primary inflorescence, had a strong axillary inflorescencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“"SX" ("Shixia"), a common longan cultivated variety that needs an appropriate period of low temperatures to accumulate energy and nutrients for flower induction, had a strong primary inflorescence, had a strong axillary inflorescence”
Claim · model-written summary
SX had high sugar contents.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longane0
- Material
- "SX"e0
- Outcome
- contents of sugarse0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“"SX" ("Shixia"), a common longan cultivated variety that needs an appropriate period of low temperatures to accumulate energy and nutrients for flower induction, had a strong primary inflorescence, had a strong axillary inflorescence, and contained high contents of sugars”
Claim · model-written summary
Most SX bud-break DAPs were enriched in assimilate and energy metabolism.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longant0
- Outcome
- DAPs during the bud break process were enriched in assimilates and energy metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most DAPs during the bud break process were enriched in assimilates and energy metabolism”
t0“bud break in longan”
Claim · model-written summary
SS6 and GBSSI might be key DAPs for SX bud break.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longant0
- Material
- "SX"e0
- Gene
- sucrose synthase 6 (SS6) and granule-bound starch synthase 1 (GBSSI)e0
- Outcome
- bud breake0
- Qualifier
- might be the key DAPse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sucrose synthase 6 (SS6) and granule-bound starch synthase 1 (GBSSI) might be the key DAPs for "SX" bud break”
t0“bud break in longan”
Claim · model-written summary
SJ had weaker primary and axillary inflorescences, floral primordia, bracts and prophylls than SX.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longant0
- Material
- "SJ"e0
- Outcome
- primary inflorescence, axillary inflorescence, floral primordium, bract, and prophylle0
- Direction
- weakere0
- Comparator
- "SX"e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to those of "SX", the primary inflorescence, axillary inflorescence, floral primordium, bract, and prophyll of "SJ" ("Sijimi") were weaker”
t0“bud break in longan”
Claim · model-written summary
Light might be the key trigger for bud break.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longant0
- Outcome
- bud breake0
- Qualifier
- light, rather than a high sugar content or chilling duratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“light, rather than a high sugar content or chilling duration, might act as the key signal for triggering bud break”
t0“bud break in longan”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase isozyme 1 and RuBisCO might be key DAPs for SJ bud break.
- Taxon
- longanDimocarpus longant0
- Gene
- catalase isozyme 1e0
- Outcome
- SJ bud breake0
- Qualifier
- might be the key DAPse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“catalase isozyme 1, an important enzyme in the redox cycle, and RuBisCO, a key enzyme in the Calvin cycle of photosynthetic carbon assimilation, might be the key DAPs for SJ bud break”
t0“bud break in longan”