Abstract
Abstract Willow ( Salix viminalis L.) is a species well adapted to the environment conditions of central Europe. It is mainly cultivated for energy purposes as solid fuel. In this study, an evaluation of its suitability for other purposes was made using a 4-year old short rotation coppice (SRC) willow regrowth to produce chipped biomass which was composted. Four composting methods were used: without additives (WC), with the addition of nitrogen to narrow the C:N ratio (WN), with the addition of mycelium (WPG) and with the addition of mycelium and nitrogen (WPGN). A mixture of WC and WPGN composts was also prepared at 75:25% and 50:50% by volume. Composts, different proportion (25, 50 and 75%) of peat (SM) were evaluated for suitability as a substrate for tomato and cucumber transplant production. Tomato transplants produced in the medium were prepared from mixtures of willow composts (WPGN + WC(1) and WPGN + WC(2) and these mixtures with peat (WPGN + WC(1):SM and WPGN + WC(2):SM) were characterised as having the best parameters: plant height, lateral leaf span and number of leaves. Similarly, for cucumber transplants, better growth conditions than in peat substrate were obtained in the variant WPGN + WC(1) and WPGN + WC(1):SM. The addition of nitrogen to the composted biomass positively influenced the composting process. N concentration in the substrate was too high and toxic for the growth of tomato and cucumber transplants. At the end of the tomato and cucumber experiment, the nitrate content was 1510 and 2260 mg dm −3 , respectively, in the WN substrate. Similarly, the high N–NO 3 − content in the composted willow substrate with the addition of nitrogen and mycelium did not promote the growth of tomato and cucumber. Based on this research at least 25% of the mass of the peat can be replaced by different willow composts without having an adverse impact on seedling growth and with some of the willow compost mixtures this could be as high as 50%.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Willow compost mixtures gave tomato transplants the best height, leaf span and leaf number.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- mixtures of willow compostse0
- Outcome
- plant height, lateral leaf span and number of leavese0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato transplants produced in the medium were prepared from mixtures of willow composts (WPGN + WC(1) and WPGN + WC(2) and these mixtures with peat (WPGN + WC(1):SM and WPGN + WC(2):SM) were characterised as having the best parameters: plant height, lateral leaf span and number of leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
WPGN + WC(1) gave cucumber transplants better growth than peat.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- WPGN + WC(1)e0
- Outcome
- growth conditionse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- peat substratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for cucumber transplants, better growth conditions than in peat substrate were obtained in the variant WPGN + WC(1) and WPGN + WC(1):SM.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen added to biomass improved composting.
SalixOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of nitrogen to the composted biomass positively influenced the composting process.”
t0“willow biomass (Salix viminalis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess substrate nitrogen was toxic to tomato and cucumber transplant growth.
- Taxon
- tomato and cucumberCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- N concentration in the substratee0
- Outcome
- growth of tomato and cucumber transplantse0
- Direction
- toxice0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N concentration in the substrate was too high and toxic for the growth of tomato and cucumber transplants.”
Claim · model-written summary
WN substrate contained 1510 mg dm −3 nitrate after tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- WN substratee0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Value
- 1510e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the end of the tomato and cucumber experiment, the nitrate content was 1510 and 2260 mg dm −3 , respectively, in the WN substrate.”
Claim · model-written summary
WN substrate contained 2260 mg dm −3 nitrate after cucumber growth.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- WN substratee0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Value
- 2260 mg dm −3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the end of the tomato and cucumber experiment, the nitrate content was 1510 and 2260 mg dm −3 , respectively, in the WN substrate.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen and mycelium amended willow substrate did not promote transplant growth.
- Taxon
- tomato and cucumberCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- composted willow substrate with the addition of nitrogen and myceliume0
- Outcome
- growth of tomato and cucumbere0
- Direction
- did not promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the high N–NO 3 − content in the composted willow substrate with the addition of nitrogen and mycelium did not promote the growth of tomato and cucumber.”
Claim · model-written summary
At least 25% peat replacement with willow compost caused no adverse seedling growth impact.
- Taxon
- tomato and cucumberCucumis sativusSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- at least 25% of the mass of the peat can be replacede0
- Value
- 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at least 25% of the mass of the peat can be replaced by different willow composts without having an adverse impact on seedling growth”
e1“tomato and cucumber transplants”
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