Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for living organisms, but its solubility is extremely low under alkaline conditions. Plants often suffer from iron deficiency chlorosis in calcareous soils, which consist of approximately 30% of the world's cultivated area, severely limiting plant productivity. Iron deficiency anemia is also a widespread problem in humans, especially in Asian and African people who take up iron mainly from staple foods containing low iron concentrations. Transgenic manipulation of genes involved in plant iron uptake, translocation, and storage has made improvements in enhancing iron deficiency tolerance or iron accumulation in edible parts, but these two properties have been characterized separately. We previously produced transgenic rice lines, with concomitant improvement of iron deficiency tolerance and grain iron accumulation by knocking-down OsHRZ ubiquitin ligases, which negatively regulate iron deficiency response and iron accumulation in rice. In the present report, we aimed to further improve the iron deficiency tolerance and grain iron accumulation of OsHRZ knockdown rice by the simultaneous introduction of the engineered ferric-chelate reductase gene Refre1/372 under the control of the OsIRT1 promoter for further enhancement of iron uptake. We obtained several transgenic rice lines with repressed OsHRZ expression and induced Refre1/372 expression. These lines showed a variable degree of iron deficiency tolerance in calcareous soils, with increased iron accumulation in brown seeds under both iron-deficient and iron-sufficient soil cultures. Selected OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372 lines showed similar or better growth compared with that of singly introduced OsHRZ knockdown or Refre1/372 lines in calcareous soils under both non-submerged and submerged conditions. After submerged calcareous soil cultivation, these OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372 lines accumulated 2.5-4.3 times and 17-23 times more iron concentrations than that of non-transformants in brown rice and straw, respectively, which was comparable or superior to a single OsHRZ knockdown line. Our results indicate that the combined introduction of OsHRZ knockdown and OsIRT1 promoter-Refre1/372 is highly effective in further improving the iron deficiency tolerance without compromising the iron accumulation of the OsHRZ knockdown effects.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Combined transgenic lines had repressed OsHRZ expression and induced Refre1/372 expression.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- transgenic rice linese0
- Gene
- OsHRZe0
- Outcome
- repressed OsHRZ expression and induced Refre1/372 expressione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We obtained several transgenic rice lines with repressed OsHRZ expression and induced Refre1/372 expression.”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lines showed variable iron deficiency tolerance in calcareous soils.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- These linese0
- Outcome
- iron deficiency tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- variable degreee0
- Setting
- calcareous soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These lines showed a variable degree of iron deficiency tolerance in calcareous soils”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lines had increased iron accumulation in brown seeds under deficient and sufficient soil cultures.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- brown seedse0
- Outcome
- iron accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both iron-deficient and iron-sufficient soil culturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with increased iron accumulation in brown seeds under both iron-deficient and iron-sufficient soil cultures”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected combined lines had similar or better growth than singly introduced lines in calcareous soils under both water regimes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372 linese0
- Treatment
- OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- similar or bettere0
- Qualifier
- both non-submerged and submerged conditionse0
- Comparator
- singly introduced OsHRZ knockdown or Refre1/372 linese0
- Setting
- calcareous soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Selected OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372 lines showed similar or better growth compared with that of singly introduced OsHRZ knockdown or Refre1/372 lines in calcareous soils under both non-submerged and submerged conditions.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
After submerged calcareous soil cultivation, combined lines had 2.5-4.3 times the brown rice iron concentration of non-transformants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- brown ricee0
- Treatment
- OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372e0
- Outcome
- iron concentrationse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 2.5-4.3 timese0
- Comparator
- non-transformantse0
- Setting
- submerged calcareous soil cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After submerged calcareous soil cultivation, these OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372 lines accumulated 2.5-4.3 times and 17-23 times more iron concentrations than that of non-transformants in brown rice and straw, respectively”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
After submerged calcareous soil cultivation, combined lines had 17-23 times the straw iron concentration of non-transformants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372e0
- Outcome
- iron concentrationse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 17-23 timese0
- Comparator
- non-transformantse0
- Setting
- submerged calcareous soil cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After submerged calcareous soil cultivation, these OsHRZ knockdown plus Refre1/372 lines accumulated 2.5-4.3 times and 17-23 times more iron concentrations than that of non-transformants in brown rice and straw, respectively”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined lines were comparable or superior to a single OsHRZ knockdown line for iron concentration.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- comparable or superiore0
- Direction
- comparable or superiore0
- Comparator
- a single OsHRZ knockdown linee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was comparable or superior to a single OsHRZ knockdown line”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude the combined introduction further improves iron deficiency tolerance without compromising OsHRZ knockdown iron accumulation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- combined introduction of OsHRZ knockdown and OsIRT1 promoter-Refre1/372e0
- Outcome
- iron deficiency tolerancee0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Qualifier
- without compromising the iron accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results indicate that the combined introduction of OsHRZ knockdown and OsIRT1 promoter-Refre1/372 is highly effective in further improving the iron deficiency tolerance without compromising the iron accumulation of the OsHRZ knockdown effects.”
t0“Rice”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
52 papers more in this group
See all 56 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.