Abstract
Environmental variations caused by global climate change significantly affect plant yield and productivity. Because water scarcity is one of the most significant risks to agriculture’s future, improving the performance of plants to cope with water stress is critical. Our research scrutinized the impact of melatonin application on the photosynthetic machinery, photosynthetic physiology, root system, osmoprotectant accumulation, and oxidative stress in tomato plants during drought. The results showed that melatonin-treated tomato plants had remarkably higher water levels, gas exchange activities, root system morphological parameters (average diameter, root activity, root forks, projected area, root crossings, root volume, root surface area, root length, root tips, and root numbers), osmoprotectant (proline, trehalose, fructose, sucrose, and GB) accumulation, and transcript levels of the photosynthetic genes SlPsb28, SlPetF, SlPsbP, SlPsbQ, SlPetE, and SlPsbW. In addition, melatonin effectively maintained the plants’ photosynthetic physiology. Moreover, melatonin treatment maintained the soluble protein content and antioxidant capacity during drought. Melatonin application also resulted in membrane stability, evidenced by less electrolyte leakage and lower H2O2, MDA, and O2− levels in the drought-stress environment. Additionally, melatonin application enhanced the antioxidant defense enzymes and antioxidant-stress-resistance-related gene (SlCAT1, SlAPX, SlGR, SlDHAR, SlPOD, and SOD) transcript levels in plants. These outcomes imply that the impacts of melatonin treatment on improving drought resistance could be ascribed to the mitigation of photosynthetic function inhibition, the enhancement of the water status, and the alleviation of oxidative stress in tomato plants. Our study findings reveal new and incredible aspects of the response of melatonin-treated tomato plants to drought stress and provide a list of candidate targets for increasing plant tolerance to the drought-stress environment.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated tomatoes had higher water levels during drought.
- Taxon
- tomato plants
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- melatonin-treatede0
- Outcome
- water levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin-treated tomato plants had remarkably higher water levels, gas exchange activities, root system morphological parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated tomatoes had higher gas exchange activities during drought.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- melatonin-treatede0
- Outcome
- gas exchange activitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin-treated tomato plants had remarkably higher water levels, gas exchange activities, root system morphological parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated tomatoes had higher root system morphological parameters during drought.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- melatonin-treatede0
- Outcome
- root system morphological parameterse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin-treated tomato plants had remarkably higher water levels, gas exchange activities, root system morphological parameters (average diameter, root activity, root forks, projected area, root crossings, root volume, root surface area, root length, root tips, and root numbers)”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated tomatoes accumulated more osmoprotectants during drought.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- melatonin-treatede0
- Outcome
- osmoprotectant (proline, trehalose, fructose, sucrose, and GB) accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin-treated tomato plants had remarkably higher water levels, gas exchange activities, root system morphological parameters (average diameter, root activity, root forks, projected area, root crossings, root volume, root surface area, root length, root tips, and root numbers), osmoprotectant (proline, trehalose, fructose, sucrose, and GB) accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin treated tomatoes had higher transcript levels of photosynthetic genes.
- Taxon
- tomato plantsSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- melatonin-treatede0
- Gene
- SlPsb28, SlPetF, SlPsbP, SlPsbQ, SlPetE, and SlPsbWe0
- Outcome
- transcript levels of the photosynthetic genese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin-treated tomato plants had remarkably higher water levels, gas exchange activities, root system morphological parameters (average diameter, root activity, root forks, projected area, root crossings, root volume, root surface area, root length, root tips, and root numbers), osmoprotectant (proline, trehalose, fructose, sucrose, and GB) accumulation, and transcript levels of the photosynthetic genes SlPsb28, SlPetF, SlPsbP, SlPsbQ, SlPetE, and SlPsbW”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin maintained photosynthetic physiology during drought.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonine0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic physiologye0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin effectively maintained the plants’ photosynthetic physiology”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin maintained soluble protein content during drought.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- soluble protein contente0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin treatment maintained the soluble protein content and antioxidant capacity during drought”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin maintained antioxidant capacity during drought.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin treatment maintained the soluble protein content and antioxidant capacity during drought”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reduced electrolyte leakage during drought.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonin applicatione0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin application also resulted in membrane stability, evidenced by less electrolyte leakage and lower H2O2, MDA, and O2− levels in the drought-stress environment”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reduced H2O2, MDA, and O2− levels during drought.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonin applicatione0
- Outcome
- H2O2, MDA, and O2− levelse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin application also resulted in membrane stability, evidenced by less electrolyte leakage and lower H2O2, MDA, and O2− levels in the drought-stress environment”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin enhanced antioxidant defense enzymes.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonin applicatione0
- Outcome
- antioxidant defense enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin application enhanced the antioxidant defense enzymes and antioxidant-stress-resistance-related gene (SlCAT1, SlAPX, SlGR, SlDHAR, SlPOD, and SOD) transcript levels in plants”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin enhanced antioxidant stress resistance gene transcript levels.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- melatonin applicatione0
- Gene
- SlCAT1, SlAPX, SlGR, SlDHAR, SlPOD, and SODe0
- Outcome
- transcript levelse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin application enhanced the antioxidant defense enzymes and antioxidant-stress-resistance-related gene (SlCAT1, SlAPX, SlGR, SlDHAR, SlPOD, and SOD) transcript levels in plants”
e1“tomato plants during drought”
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