Abstract
Mulching with recycled paper has the potential to be used in agricultural production and can be adopted in strawberry cultivation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, water consumption and technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch. The treatments consisted of strawberry cultivation in lysimeters with recycled paper mulch and without soil cover. The recycled paper used was 187 μm-thick. The irrigation system was installed with drippers whose flow rate was 2 L h−1. Strawberry irrigation requirements were 317 and 394 mm, with and without mulch, respectively. Mulching with recycled paper did not have a significant effect on the average number of fruits, fresh fruit mass, fruit waste per plant, average fruit yield and water productivity. In relation to the technical coefficients, maximum values of the evaporation coefficient (Ke) of 0.40 (calculated with the evapotranspiration of the grass—L) and 0.28 (calculated with the Penman–Monteith ETo—PM) were obtained for OPM. The Kc values for the initial and full development stages were 0.31 and 0.84 (L) and 0.24 and 0.66 (PM), respectively. NDVI can be used to estimate strawberry Kc values. Recycled paper as mulch reduces the water consumption of strawberry crops and does not alter the agronomic characteristics.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Recycled paper mulch did not significantly change the average number of fruits, fresh fruit mass or fruit waste per plant
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Treatment
- recycled paper mulche0
- Outcome
- average number of fruits, fresh fruit mass, fruit waste per plante1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- without soil covere0
- Setting
- lysimeterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The treatments consisted of strawberry cultivation in lysimeters with recycled paper mulch and without soil cover”
e1“Mulching with recycled paper did not have a significant effect on the average number of fruits, fresh fruit mass, fruit waste per plant, average fruit yield and water productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Recycled paper mulch did not significantly change average fruit yield or water productivity
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- recycled paper mulche0
- Outcome
- average fruit yield and water productivitye1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- without soil covere0
- Setting
- lysimeterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments consisted of strawberry cultivation in lysimeters with recycled paper mulch and without soil cover”
e1“Mulching with recycled paper did not have a significant effect on the average number of fruits, fresh fruit mass, fruit waste per plant, average fruit yield and water productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Strawberry irrigation requirement was lower with recycled paper mulch (317 mm) than without mulch (394 mm)
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- recycled paper mulche0
- Outcome
- irrigation requirementse2
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 317 and 394 mme2
- Comparator
- without mulche2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatments consisted of strawberry cultivation in lysimeters with recycled paper mulch and without soil cover”
e2“Strawberry irrigation requirements were 317 and 394 mm, with and without mulch, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum evaporation coefficient (Ke) of strawberry was 0.40 when calculated with the grass evapotranspiration
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Outcome
- maximum values of the evaporation coefficient (Ke)e3
- Value
- 0.40e3
- Qualifier
- calculated with the evapotranspiration of the grasse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch”
e3“maximum values of the evaporation coefficient (Ke) of 0.40 (calculated with the evapotranspiration of the grass”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum evaporation coefficient (Ke) of strawberry was 0.28 when calculated with the Penman-Monteith ETo
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Outcome
- maximum values of the evaporation coefficient (Ke)e3
- Value
- 0.28e4
- Qualifier
- calculated with the Penmane4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch”
e3“maximum values of the evaporation coefficient (Ke) of 0.40 (calculated with the evapotranspiration of the grass”
e4“and 0.28 (calculated with the Penman”
Claim · model-written summary
The initial-stage Kc of strawberry was 0.31 when calculated with grass evapotranspiration
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Organ / stage
- initiale6
- Outcome
- Kc valuese6
- Value
- 0.31e6
- Qualifier
- (L)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch”
e6“The Kc values for the initial and full development stages were 0.31 and 0.84 (L) and 0.24 and 0.66 (PM), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The full-development-stage Kc of strawberry was 0.84 when calculated with grass evapotranspiration
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Organ / stage
- full development stagese6
- Outcome
- Kc valuese6
- Value
- 0.84e6
- Qualifier
- (L)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch”
e6“The Kc values for the initial and full development stages were 0.31 and 0.84 (L) and 0.24 and 0.66 (PM), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The initial-stage Kc of strawberry was 0.24 when calculated with Penman-Monteith ETo
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Organ / stage
- initiale6
- Outcome
- Kc valuese6
- Value
- 0.24e6
- Qualifier
- (PM)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch”
e6“The Kc values for the initial and full development stages were 0.31 and 0.84 (L) and 0.24 and 0.66 (PM), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The full-development-stage Kc of strawberry was 0.66 when calculated with Penman-Monteith ETo
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae5
- Organ / stage
- full development stagese6
- Outcome
- Kc valuese6
- Value
- 0.66e6
- Qualifier
- (PM)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“technical coefficients of strawberry cultivated with recycled paper as mulch”
e6“The Kc values for the initial and full development stages were 0.31 and 0.84 (L) and 0.24 and 0.66 (PM), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
NDVI can be used to estimate strawberry Kc values
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae7
- Outcome
- estimate strawberry Kc valuese7
- Qualifier
- NDVIe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“NDVI can be used to estimate strawberry Kc values”
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