Abstract
As an essential structural, metabolic and signaling element, calcium shows low remobilization from old to young tissues in plants, restricting the nutrient-use efficiency and control efficacy against mosaic virus disease. Nanotechnology has been applied to prevent/minimize nutrient losses and improve the accessibility of poorly-available nutrients. Herein, the current study applied a star polycation (SPc) to prepare a calcium nutrition nanoagent. The SPc could assemble with calcium glycinate through hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force, forming stable spherical particles with nanoscale size (17.72 nm). Transcriptomic results revealed that the calcium glycinate/SPc complex could activate the expression of many transport-related genes and disease resistance genes in tomatoes, suggesting the enhanced transport and antiviral immunity of SPc-loaded calcium glycinate. Reasonably, the calcium transport was accelerated by 3.17 times into tomato leaves with the help of SPc, and the protective effect of calcium glycinate was remarkably improved to 77.40% and 67.31% toward tomato mosaic virus with the help of SPc after the third and fifth applications. Furthermore, SPc-loaded calcium glycinate could be applied to increase the leaf photosynthetic rate and control the unusual fast growth of tomatoes. The current study is the first success to apply nano-delivery system for enhanced calcium transport and antiviral immunity, which is beneficial for increasing nutrient-use efficiency and shows good prospects for field application.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
With the help of SPc, calcium transport into tomato leaves was accelerated 3.17 times.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume3 - Organ / stage
- leavese3
- Treatment
- with the help of SPce3
- Outcome
- calcium transporte3
- Direction
- acceleratede3
- Value
- 3.17 timese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Reasonably, the calcium transport was accelerated by 3.17 times into tomato leaves with the help of SPc”
Claim · model-written summary
The calcium glycinate/SPc complex activated expression of many transport-related and disease resistance genes in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- calcium glycinate/SPc complexe1
- Outcome
- expression of many transport-related genes and disease resistance genese1
- Direction
- activatee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Transcriptomic results revealed that the calcium glycinate/SPc complex could activate the expression of many transport-related genes and disease resistance genes in tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SPc-loaded calcium glycinate improved its protective effect against tomato mosaic virus to 77.40% after the third application.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- with the help of SPce2
- Interactor
- tomato mosaic virus
Tomato mosaic viruse2pathogen - Outcome
- protective effecte2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Value
- 77.40%e2
- Qualifier
- after the third and fifth applicationse2
- Comparator
- calcium glycinatee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the protective effect of calcium glycinate was remarkably improved to 77.40% and 67.31% toward tomato mosaic virus with the help of SPc after the third and fifth applications”
Claim · model-written summary
SPc-loaded calcium glycinate improved its protective effect against tomato mosaic virus to 67.31% after the fifth application.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- with the help of SPce2
- Interactor
- tomato mosaic virusTomato mosaic viruse2pathogen
- Outcome
- protective effecte2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Value
- 67.31%e2
- Qualifier
- after the third and fifth applicationse2
- Comparator
- calcium glycinatee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the protective effect of calcium glycinate was remarkably improved to 77.40% and 67.31% toward tomato mosaic virus with the help of SPc after the third and fifth applications”
Claim · model-written summary
SPc-loaded calcium glycinate could increase the leaf photosynthetic rate of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume4
- Organ / stage
- leafe4
- Treatment
- SPc-loaded calcium glycinatee4
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthetic ratee4
- Direction
- increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“SPc-loaded calcium glycinate could be applied to increase the leaf photosynthetic rate and control the unusual fast growth of tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SPc-loaded calcium glycinate could control the unusual fast growth of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume4
- Treatment
- SPc-loaded calcium glycinatee4
- Outcome
- unusual fast growthe4
- Direction
- controle4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“SPc-loaded calcium glycinate could be applied to increase the leaf photosynthetic rate and control the unusual fast growth of tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
SPc and calcium glycinate assemble into stable spherical nanoparticles of 17.72 nm.
- Compound
- calcium glycinatee0
- Outcome
- nanoscale sizee0
- Value
- 17.72 nme0
- Qualifier
- stable spherical particlese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The SPc could assemble with calcium glycinate through hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force, forming stable spherical particles with nanoscale size (17.72 nm)”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.