Abstract
It is well established that cold acclimation processes are highly influenced, apart from cold ambient temperatures, by light-dependent environmental factors. In this study we investigated whether an extra blue (B) light supplementation would be able to further improve the well-documented freezing tolerance enhancing effect of far-red (FR) enriched white (W) light. The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures. Low R:FR ratio effectively induced frost tolerance in barley plantlets, but additional B light further enhanced frost hardiness at both temperatures. Supplementation of WFR (white light enriched with FR light) with B had a strong positive effect on abscisic acid accumulation while the suppression of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levels were observed at low temperature which resembles the shade avoidance syndrome. We also observed clear lipidomic differences between the individual light and temperature treatments. WFRB light changed the total lipid content negatively, but monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) content was increased, nonetheless. Our results prove that WFRB light can greatly influence phytohormone dynamics and lipid contents, which eventually leads to more efficient pre-hardening to avoid frost damage.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Low R:FR ratio induced frost tolerance in barley plantlets.
- Taxon
- winter barley
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Hordeum vulgaree1 - Organ / stage
- plantletse2
- Treatment
- Low R:FR ratioe2
- Outcome
- frost tolerancee2
- Direction
- inducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e2“Low R:FR ratio effectively induced frost tolerance in barley plantlets”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional blue light further enhanced frost hardiness at both temperatures.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- additional B lighte3
- Outcome
- frost hardinesse3
- Direction
- further enhancede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e3“additional B light further enhanced frost hardiness at both temperatures”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue supplementation of WFR light had a strong positive effect on abscisic acid accumulation.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- Supplementation of WFR (white light enriched with FR light) with Be4
- Outcome
- abscisic acid accumulatione4
- Direction
- strong positive effecte4
- Comparator
- WFRe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e4“Supplementation of WFR (white light enriched with FR light) with B had a strong positive effect on abscisic acid accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levels were suppressed at low temperature, resembling the shade avoidance syndrome.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- low temperaturee5
- Outcome
- salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levelse5
- Direction
- suppressione5
- Qualifier
- resembles the shade avoidance syndromee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e5“the suppression of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid levels were observed at low temperature which resembles the shade avoidance syndrome”
Claim · model-written summary
Light and temperature treatments caused clear lipidomic differences in barley.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Outcome
- lipidomic differencese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e6“We also observed clear lipidomic differences between the individual light and temperature treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
WFRB light decreased total lipid content.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- WFRB lighte7
- Outcome
- total lipid contente7
- Direction
- negativelye7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e7“WFRB light changed the total lipid content negatively, but monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) content was increased, nonetheless”
Claim · model-written summary
WFRB light increased monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) content.
- Taxon
- winter barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- WFRB lighte7
- Outcome
- monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) contente7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The impact of B and FR light supplementation to white light (WFRB) on hormone levels and lipid contents were determined in winter barley at moderate (15 °C) and low (5 °C) temperatures”
e7“WFRB light changed the total lipid content negatively, but monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) content was increased, nonetheless”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: hormones · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
light · tolerance: abiotic · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.