Abstract
ABSTRACTThe scarcity of water is a major problem in Tunisia. Thus, 50% of water resources are with salinity higher than 1.5 g L−1 and 16% with salinity exceeding 3 g L−1. To use this saline water in crop irrigation, new technologies for water treatment can be applied such us electromagnetic irrigation water device. In this context, a field experiment was carried out at Zitouna Agricultural Development Company in Zaghouan governorate to study the impact of magnetized irrigation water on clay soil and on leaf mineral content of Arbequina olive tree growing under drip irrigation with saline water. Bimonthly soil samples were taken with an auger every 20 cm over 1 m depth. Olive leaf samples were taken from the trees located above the soil sampling points. The results showed that soil parameters variations are the same throughout the depths 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm. As a consequence, the interpretation of the effect of magnetized irrigation water was restricted to 0–100 cm soil depth. However, a slight decrease of the pH was observed with the use of magnetized water. On other side, we reported that the electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water increases the soil moisture (Hs) and favors the absorption of N, P, K+, and Na+ by olive tree leaf tissues. Also, water use efficiency (WUE) in the plot irrigated with treated water is equal to 1.3 compared to that irrigated with untreated water. Thus, 30% improvement in yield using treated water.KEYWORDS: electromagnetic treatmentirrigation watersoilArbequina olive treessemi-arid region AcknowledgementWe are grateful to the research laboratory "LR-SPADD, LR03AGR02, University of Carthage" for their useful help in conducting and financing the present work. We would like also to thank Zitouna Agricultural Development Company to provide assistance in Aqua-4D electromagnetic processing equipment. We would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the assistance of the company's staff and thank them for their professional advice, guidance, and continued support. The authors are immensely grateful to the anonymous reviewers for the constructive feedback and the editorial team of Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
A slight decrease in soil pH was observed with magnetized irrigation water in the olive plot.
- Taxon
- olive trees
Olea europaeat0 - Treatment
- magnetized watere0
- Outcome
- pHe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a slight decrease of the pH was observed with the use of magnetized water”
t0“arbequina olive trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water increased soil moisture.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- electromagnetic treatment of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water increases the soil moisture (Hs)”
t0“arbequina olive trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water favored absorption of N, P and K+ by olive leaf tissues.
- Taxon
- olive treeOlea europaeae0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuese0
- Treatment
- electromagnetic treatment of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- N, P, K+e0
- Direction
- favorse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water increases the soil moisture (Hs) and favors the absorption of N, P, K+, and Na+ by olive tree leaf tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water favored absorption of Na+ by olive leaf tissues.
- Taxon
- olive treeOlea europaeae0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuese0
- Treatment
- electromagnetic treatment of irrigation watere0
- Outcome
- Na+e0
- Direction
- favorse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the electromagnetic treatment of irrigation water increases the soil moisture (Hs) and favors the absorption of N, P, K+, and Na+ by olive tree leaf tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiency in the plot irrigated with treated water was 1.3, compared with the plot irrigated with untreated water.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- treated watere0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e0
- Value
- 1.3e0
- Comparator
- untreated watere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water use efficiency (WUE) in the plot irrigated with treated water is equal to 1.3 compared to that irrigated with untreated water”
t0“arbequina olive trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Using treated water gave a 30% improvement in olive yield.
- Taxon
- olive treesOlea europaeat0
- Treatment
- treated watere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30% improvement in yield using treated water”
t0“arbequina olive trees”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · physiology: ion balance · Olea europaea (common olive)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
irrigation · soil: physics · Olea europaea (common olive)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.