Abstract
The beneficial microorganisms represent a new and hopeful solution for a sustainable environment and development. In this investigation, Trichoderma asperellum ZNW, isolated from seeds, was domiciliated within the pea plant for improving growth, disease management, and enhancement of productivity. Globisporangium ultimum NZW was isolated from deformed pea seeds, representing the first record of the pathogen caused by pea damping-off. Both fungi were molecularly identified. T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC. The SEM illustrated the mycoparasitic behavior of T. asperellum ZNW on G. ultimum NZW mycelia. In the pot experiment, T. asperellum domiciliated the root and grew as an endophytic fungus, leading to root vessel lignification. Under soil infection, T. asperellum reduced damping-off, by enhancing peroxidase, polyphenol, total phenols, and photosynthetic pigments content. The vegetative growth, yield, and soil dehydrogenase activity were improved, with an enhancement in the numerical diversity of the microbial rhizosphere. This work may enable more understanding of the plant-fungal interaction, yet, working on domiciliation is recommended as a new approach to plant protection and growth promotion under various ecological setups.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Globisporangium ultimum NZW was reported as the cause of pea damping-off.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Interactor
- Globisporangium ultimum NZWGlobisporangium ultimume0pathogen
- Outcome
- first record of the pathogen caused by pea damping-offe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Globisporangium ultimum NZW was isolated from deformed pea seeds, representing the first record of the pathogen caused by pea damping-off”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma asperellum ZNW produced lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- T. asperellum ZNW
Trichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum ZNW showed mycoparasitic behavior on G. ultimum NZW.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- G. ultimum NZWGlobisporangium ultimume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. asperellum ZNWTrichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycoparasitic behavior of T. asperellum ZNW on G. ultimum NZW myceliae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The SEM illustrated the mycoparasitic behavior of T. asperellum ZNW on G. ultimum NZW mycelia”
t0“Pea”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum colonized pea roots as an endophyte.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume0symbiont
- Outcome
- grew as an endophytic funguse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. asperellum domiciliated the root and grew as an endophytic fungus”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum colonization led to pea root vessel lignification.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Organ / stage
- root vessele0
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume0symbiont
- Outcome
- root vessel lignificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. asperellum domiciliated the root and grew as an endophytic fungus, leading to root vessel lignification”
t0“pea”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum reduced pea damping-off under soil infection.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. asperellume0
- Interactor
- G. ultimum NZWGlobisporangium ultimume1pathogent0
- Second interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- damping-offe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under soil infection, T. asperellum reduced damping-off”
t0“Globiosporangium ultimum and Promotes Pea Growth”
e1“The SEM illustrated the mycoparasitic behavior of T. asperellum ZNW on G. ultimum NZW mycelia”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum enhanced peroxidase, polyphenol, and total phenol measures.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. asperellume1
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume1biocontrol_agentt0
- Outcome
- peroxidase, polyphenol, total phenolse0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by enhancing peroxidase, polyphenol, total phenols, and photosynthetic pigments content”
t0“Trichoderma asperellum Suppresses Globiosporangium ultimum and Promotes Pea Growth”
e1“T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum enhanced photosynthetic pigment content.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. asperellume1
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume1biocontrol_agentt0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigments contente0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by enhancing peroxidase, polyphenol, total phenols, and photosynthetic pigments content”
t0“Trichoderma asperellum Suppresses Globiosporangium ultimum and Promotes Pea Growth”
e1“T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum improved pea vegetative growth and yield.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. asperellume1
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume1biocontrol_agentt0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth, yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The vegetative growth, yield, and soil dehydrogenase activity were improved”
t0“Trichoderma asperellum Suppresses Globiosporangium ultimum and Promotes Pea Growth”
e1“T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum improved soil dehydrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. asperellume1
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume1biocontrol_agentt0
- Outcome
- soil dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil dehydrogenase activity were improved”
t0“Trichoderma asperellum Suppresses Globiosporangium ultimum and Promotes Pea Growth”
e1“T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC”
Claim · model-written summary
T. asperellum enhanced numerical diversity of the pea rhizosphere microbiome.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. asperellume1
- Interactor
- T. asperellumTrichoderma asperellume1biocontrol_agentt0
- Outcome
- numerical diversity of the microbial rhizospheree0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with an enhancement in the numerical diversity of the microbial rhizosphere”
t0“Trichoderma asperellum Suppresses Globiosporangium ultimum and Promotes Pea Growth”
e1“T. asperellum ZNW produced several lytic enzymes and bioactive metabolites as detected by GC-MC”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend domiciliation for plant protection and growth promotion.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- plant protection and growth promotione0
- Qualifier
- under various ecological setupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“working on domiciliation is recommended as a new approach to plant protection and growth promotion under various ecological setups”
t0“pea”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma asperellum · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma asperellum · yield · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.