Paper · 2023 · ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

Combination Influence of Humic Acid and Chelated Iron on yield and quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L) in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region.

Azad Ahmad Abdulla; Akram Othman Esmai; Haifa Sdiq yaseen

12
claims
16
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

This study was conducted during winter season of 2020, at Murtka farm, Qushtapa, Erbil with GPS reading of (latitude 36. 068 880 N, longitude 44. 031 990 E) and elevation 413. m.a.s.l. to study the role of 5 levels of humic acid( 0, 15 ,30,45 and 60 Mg ha-1 ), five levels of chelated iron (0, 4, 8, 12 and16 Mg ha-1) and their combinations o yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L).The results indicated significant effect of humic acid and combination between humic acid and chelated iron on broccoli yield, the highest yield values of yield and 21.20 and 22.53 Mg ha-1 were recorded from application of 60Mg ha-1 humic acid and combination treatment of HA4-Fe3 or adding of 60 Mg ha-1 humic acid with 12 Mg ha-1 chelated iron respectively, while the lowest values 15.28 and 15.08 Mg ha-1 were obtained from HA0 and HA0-Fe0 respectively. The highest protein, potassium, phosphorus and Fe (30.25% ,4.10 g 100g-1 ,0.45 g 100 g-1 and 253 mg kg-1 head) were recorded from combination treatments of HA3-Fe2, HA4-Fe2, HA4-Fe2 and HA1-Fe4 respectively, while their lowest were obtained from control. The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Humic acid at 60Mg ha-1 produced broccoli yield of 21.20 Mg ha-1, above HA0 yield.

Treatment
60Mg ha-1 humic acide0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
21.20e0
Comparator
HA0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The results indicated significant effect of humic acid and combination between humic acid and chelated iron on broccoli yield, the highest yield values of yield and 21.20 and 22.53 Mg ha-1 were recorded from application of 60Mg ha-1 humic acid and combination treatment of HA4-Fe3 or adding of 60 Mg ha-1 humic acid with 12 Mg ha-1 chelated iron respectively, while the lowest values 15.28 and 15.08 Mg ha-1 were obtained from HA0 and HA0-Fe0 respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 395–851 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined 60 Mg ha-1 humic acid and 12 Mg ha-1 chelated iron produced 22.53 Mg ha-1 yield, above HA0-Fe0.

Treatment
60 Mg ha-1 humic acid with 12 Mg ha-1 chelated irone0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
22.53 Mg ha-1e0
Comparator
HA0-Fe0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The results indicated significant effect of humic acid and combination between humic acid and chelated iron on broccoli yield, the highest yield values of yield and 21.20 and 22.53 Mg ha-1 were recorded from application of 60Mg ha-1 humic acid and combination treatment of HA4-Fe3 or adding of 60 Mg ha-1 humic acid with 12 Mg ha-1 chelated iron respectively, while the lowest values 15.28 and 15.08 Mg ha-1 were obtained from HA0 and HA0-Fe0 respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 395–851 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

HA3-Fe2 produced the highest broccoli protein content at 30.25% compared with control.

Treatment
HA3-Fe2e0
Outcome
proteine0
Direction
higheste0
Value
30.25%e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest protein, potassium, phosphorus and Fe (30.25% ,4.10 g 100g-1 ,0.45 g 100 g-1 and 253 mg kg-1 head) were recorded from combination treatments of HA3-Fe2, HA4-Fe2, HA4-Fe2 and HA1-Fe4 respectively, while their lowest were obtained from control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 852–1106 · show in text ↑
t0

“Broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

HA4-Fe2 produced the highest broccoli potassium content at 4.10 g 100g-1 compared with control.

Treatment
HA4-Fe2e0
Outcome
potassiume0
Direction
higheste0
Value
4.10 g 100g-1e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest protein, potassium, phosphorus and Fe (30.25% ,4.10 g 100g-1 ,0.45 g 100 g-1 and 253 mg kg-1 head) were recorded from combination treatments of HA3-Fe2, HA4-Fe2, HA4-Fe2 and HA1-Fe4 respectively, while their lowest were obtained from control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 852–1106 · show in text ↑
t0

“Broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

HA4-Fe2 produced the highest broccoli phosphorus content at 0.45 g 100 g-1 compared with control.

Treatment
HA4-Fe2e0
Outcome
phosphoruse0
Direction
higheste0
Value
0.45 g 100 g-1e0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest protein, potassium, phosphorus and Fe (30.25% ,4.10 g 100g-1 ,0.45 g 100 g-1 and 253 mg kg-1 head) were recorded from combination treatments of HA3-Fe2, HA4-Fe2, HA4-Fe2 and HA1-Fe4 respectively, while their lowest were obtained from control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 852–1106 · show in text ↑
t0

“Broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

HA1-Fe4 produced the highest broccoli Fe content at 253 mg kg-1 head compared with control.

Treatment
HA1-Fe4e0
Outcome
Fee0
Direction
higheste0
Value
253 mg kg-1 heade0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest protein, potassium, phosphorus and Fe (30.25% ,4.10 g 100g-1 ,0.45 g 100 g-1 and 253 mg kg-1 head) were recorded from combination treatments of HA3-Fe2, HA4-Fe2, HA4-Fe2 and HA1-Fe4 respectively, while their lowest were obtained from control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 852–1106 · show in text ↑
t0

“Broccoli”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–86 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined humic acid and chelated iron increased nitrogen 1.71 times.

Treatment
combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA)e0
Outcome
nitrogene0
Direction
increasee0
Value
1.71e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1318 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined humic acid and chelated iron increased phosphorus 2.37 times.

Treatment
combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA)e0
Outcome
phosphoruse0
Direction
increasee0
Value
2.37e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1318 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined humic acid and chelated iron increased potassium 1.60 times.

Treatment
combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA)e0
Outcome
potassiume0
Direction
increasee0
Value
1.60e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1318 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined humic acid and chelated iron increased iron 2.01 times.

Treatment
combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA)e0
Outcome
irone0
Direction
increasee0
Value
2.01e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1318 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined humic acid and chelated iron increased protein content 1.71 times.

Treatment
combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA)e0
Outcome
protein contente0
Direction
increasee0
Value
1.71e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1318 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined humic acid and chelated iron increased broccoli yield 1.49 times.

Treatment
combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA)e0
Outcome
broccoli yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
1.49e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Brassica oleracea var. italica
Brassica oleracea var. italica · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combination between humic acid and chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) caused 1.71,2.37 ,1.60, 2.01 ,1.71 and1.49 times increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron protein content and broccoli yield respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1318 · show in text ↑

iron atom · nutrient: content · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results differ

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Brassica oleracea var. italica · quality: protein · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

Brassica oleracea var. italica · nutrient: content · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

iron atom · quality: protein · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

iron atom · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

8 papers: 8 positive, 0 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

Brassica oleracea var. italica · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

9 papers: 9 positive, 0 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

other · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results differ

37 papers: 33 positive, 4 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

other · quality: protein · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.