Abstract
Abstract The widespread adoption of dicamba‐resistant crops has increased the applications of newer dicamba formulations for weed control. However, there is a concern for potential off‐target injury and yield reduction to peanuts ( Arachis hypogea L.) planted in close proximity to dicamba‐resistant crops. Field experiments were conducted in the summer of 2019 and 2020 to evaluate peanut response to reduced rates (1/512X, 1/128X, 1/32X, and 1/8X the label rate, 564 + 1280 g ae ha −1 ) of dicamba plus glyphosate (XtendiMax plus Roundup PowerMax) at 25, 50, and 75 days after planting (DAP) which corresponds to vegetative, flowering, and pod development stages, respectively. Peanut exposure to dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 DAP resulted in 1.6–2.3 times greater injury and 3.4–8.5 times greater height and canopy width reductions compared to 50 and 75 DAP exposures. Peanuts suffered greater yield reduction (18%–19%) when exposed to dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 and 75 DAP than at 50 DAP (10%). Regression analysis indicated a significant linear response for peanut injury (except at 8 weeks after treatment), canopy width reduction, and yield reduction with an increasing rate of dicamba plus glyphosate. Dicamba plus glyphosate at 1/512X rate resulted in a 3% peanut yield reduction, whereas a 41% yield reduction was observed at 1/8X rate. Correlation analysis, with Pearson's rho values ranging from 0.81 to 0.86, showed that peanut injury can be a useful predictor for estimating yield reduction. Therefore, extreme care must be taken to prevent drift occurrence or spray‐tank contamination when applying dicamba plus glyphosate on XtendFlex crops near peanut fields.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba plus glyphosate exposure at 25 DAP caused 1.6–2.3 times greater peanut injury than exposure at 50 and 75 DAP.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 DAPe1
- Outcome
- injurye1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 1.6–2.3 timese1
- Comparator
- 50 and 75 DAP exposurese1
- Setting
- Field experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted in the summer of 2019 and 2020”
e1“Peanut exposure to dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 DAP resulted in 1.6–2.3 times greater injury and 3.4–8.5 times greater height and canopy width reductions compared to 50 and 75 DAP exposures”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba plus glyphosate exposure at 25 DAP caused 3.4–8.5 times greater peanut height and canopy width reductions than exposure at 50 and 75 DAP.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 DAPe1
- Outcome
- height and canopy width reductionse1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Value
- 3.4–8.5 timese1
- Comparator
- 50 and 75 DAP exposurese1
- Setting
- Field experimentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted in the summer of 2019 and 2020”
e1“Peanut exposure to dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 DAP resulted in 1.6–2.3 times greater injury and 3.4–8.5 times greater height and canopy width reductions compared to 50 and 75 DAP exposures”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut yield reduction was greater at dicamba plus glyphosate exposure at 25 and 75 DAP (18%–19%) than at 50 DAP (10%).
- Taxon
- PeanutsArachis hypogaeae2
- Treatment
- dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 and 75 DAPe2
- Outcome
- yield reductione2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Value
- 18%–19%e2
- Qualifier
- 10%e2
- Comparator
- 50 DAPe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Peanuts suffered greater yield reduction (18%–19%) when exposed to dicamba plus glyphosate at 25 and 75 DAP than at 50 DAP (10%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Regression analysis showed a significant linear response of peanut injury, canopy width reduction and yield reduction to an increasing rate of dicamba plus glyphosate.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae3
- Treatment
- an increasing rate of dicamba plus glyphosatee3
- Outcome
- peanut injury (except at 8 weeks after treatment), canopy width reduction, and yield reductione3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Qualifier
- except at 8 weeks after treatmente3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Regression analysis indicated a significant linear response for peanut injury (except at 8 weeks after treatment), canopy width reduction, and yield reduction with an increasing rate of dicamba plus glyphosate”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba plus glyphosate at 1/512X rate resulted in a 3% peanut yield reduction.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae4
- Treatment
- Dicamba plus glyphosate at 1/512X ratee4
- Outcome
- yielde4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 3%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Dicamba plus glyphosate at 1/512X rate resulted in a 3% peanut yield reduction, whereas a 41% yield reduction was observed at 1/8X rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicamba plus glyphosate at 1/8X rate resulted in a 41% peanut yield reduction.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Dicamba plus glyphosate at 1/512X rate resulted in a 3% peanut yield reduction, whereas a 41% yield reduction was observed at 1/8X rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut injury can be a useful predictor of yield reduction, with Pearson rho values of 0.81 to 0.86.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae5
- Outcome
- yield reductione5
- Value
- 0.81 to 0.86e5
- Setting
- Field experimentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field experiments were conducted in the summer of 2019 and 2020”
e5“Correlation analysis, with Pearson's rho values ranging from 0.81 to 0.86, showed that peanut injury can be a useful predictor for estimating yield reduction”
Claim · model-written summary
Extreme care must be taken to prevent drift occurrence when applying dicamba plus glyphosate on XtendFlex crops near peanut fields.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae6
- Outcome
- prevent drift occurrencee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“when applying dicamba plus glyphosate on XtendFlex crops near peanut fields”
e7“extreme care must be taken to prevent drift occurrence”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.