Abstract
The formation of apoplastic barriers is important for controlling the uptake of water and ions by plants, thereby influencing plant growth. However, the effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria on the formation of apoplastic barriers, and the relationship between these effects and the ability of bacteria to influence the content of hormones in plants, have not been sufficiently studied. The content of cytokinins, auxins and potassium, characteristics of water relations, deposition of lignin and suberin and the formation of Casparian bands in the root endodermis of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) plants were evaluated after the introduction of the cytokinin-producing bacterium Bacillus subtilis IB-22 or the auxin-producing bacterium Pseudomonas mandelii IB-Ki14 into their rhizosphere. The experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions in pots with agrochernozem at an optimal level of illumination and watering. Both strains increased shoot biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll content in leaves. Bacteria enhanced the formation of apoplastic barriers, which were most pronounced when plants were treated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14. At the same time, P. mandelii IB-Ki14 caused no decrease in the hydraulic conductivity, while inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22, increased hydraulic conductivity. Cell wall lignification reduced the potassium content in the roots, but did not affect its content in the shoots of plants inoculated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14. Inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22 did not change the potassium content in the roots, but increased it in the shoots.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Both bacterial strains increased wheat shoot biomass, leaf area, and leaf chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- shoot biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll content in leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“Both strains increased shoot biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll content in leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria enhanced wheat apoplastic barrier formation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Bacteriae0
- Outcome
- formation of apoplastic barrierse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“Bacteria enhanced the formation of apoplastic barriers”
Claim · model-written summary
Apoplastic barriers were most pronounced with P. mandelii IB-Ki14.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14e0
- Interactor
- P. mandelii IB-Ki14Pseudomonas mandeliie0symbiont
- Outcome
- most pronouncede0
- Direction
- most pronouncede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“most pronounced when plants were treated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14”
Claim · model-written summary
P. mandelii IB-Ki14 caused no decrease in hydraulic conductivity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- P. mandelii IB-Ki14e0
- Interactor
- P. mandelii IB-Ki14Pseudomonas mandeliie0symbiont
- Outcome
- hydraulic conductivitye0
- Direction
- no decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“P. mandelii IB-Ki14 caused no decrease in the hydraulic conductivity”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis IB-22 inoculation increased hydraulic conductivity.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22e0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis IB-22
Bacillus subtilise0symbiont - Outcome
- hydraulic conductivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22, increased hydraulic conductivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignification reduced root potassium in plants inoculated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- P. mandelii IB-Ki14Pseudomonas mandeliie0symbiont
- Outcome
- potassium content in the rootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- Cell wall lignificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“Cell wall lignification reduced the potassium content in the roots, but did not affect its content in the shoots of plants inoculated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14”
Claim · model-written summary
Lignification did not affect shoot potassium in plants inoculated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- P. mandelii IB-Ki14Pseudomonas mandeliie0symbiont
- Outcome
- content in the shootse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- Cell wall lignificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“Cell wall lignification reduced the potassium content in the roots, but did not affect its content in the shoots of plants inoculated with P. mandelii IB-Ki14”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis IB-22 inoculation did not change root potassium.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22e0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis IB-22Bacillus subtilise0symbiont
- Outcome
- potassium content in the rootse0
- Direction
- did not changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“Inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22 did not change the potassium content in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis IB-22 inoculation increased shoot potassium.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22e0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis IB-22Bacillus subtilise0symbiont
- Outcome
- it in the shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Wheat Plants”
e0“Inoculation with B. subtilis IB-22 did not change the potassium content in the roots, but increased it in the shoots”
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