Abstract
The incessant use of nanoparticles (NPs) may pose serious threats on ecosystem and plants are at maximum risk of their delivery into the environment. The goal of this research was to explore the influence of nano-sized Co3O4 on seed germination, early growth and physio-biochemical parameters of 6-day-old seedling of canola. Seeds were sprouted in Petri plates involving eight various dosages of nano-sized Co3O4 (0-4 g L-1) for 6 days. Germination and early growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of seedling and lengths of radicle and seedling) stimulated at 0.05 and/or 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4 but retarded after 0.1 g L-1 NPs. However, the length of plumule retarded after 0.25 g L-1 NPs. The antioxidant capacity and H2O2 content raised at higher dosages of nano-sized Co3O4. The activity of antioxidant enzymes were enhanced by nano-sized Co3O4 treatment but were repressed at higher dosages. The activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and phenol content incremented at 0.5 and 1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4 but decremented at higher dosages. The content of malondialdehyde and lipoxygenase activity heightened after 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4. Altogether, the results confirmed the inducive oxidative stress of nano-sized Co3O4 that was accompanied by plant defense system including enzymes, phenolic compounds and compatible osmolytes such as proline. However, high dosages of the NPs caused toxic impacts on physio-biochemical traits of canola seedling as an oilseed crop.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Low nanoparticle doses stimulated germination and early seedling growth.
- Taxon
- Canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napust0 - Treatment
- 0.05 and/or 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4e0
- Outcome
- Germination and early growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of seedling and lengths of radicle and seedling)e0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Germination and early growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of seedling and lengths of radicle and seedling) stimulated at 0.05 and/or 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Doses above 0.1 g L-1 retarded germination and early growth.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- after 0.1 g L-1 NPse0
- Outcome
- Germination and early growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of seedling and lengths of radicle and seedling)e0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination and early growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of seedling and lengths of radicle and seedling) stimulated at 0.05 and/or 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4 but retarded after 0.1 g L-1 NPs”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Plumule length was retarded above 0.25 g L-1 nanoparticles.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- after 0.25 g L-1 NPse0
- Outcome
- length of plumulee0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the length of plumule retarded after 0.25 g L-1 NPs”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nanoparticle doses raised antioxidant capacity and H2O2 content.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- higher dosages of nano-sized Co3O4e0
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacity and H2O2 contente0
- Direction
- raisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The antioxidant capacity and H2O2 content raised at higher dosages of nano-sized Co3O4”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- nano-sized Co3O4 treatmente0
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of antioxidant enzymes were enhanced by nano-sized Co3O4 treatment”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nanoparticle doses repressed antioxidant enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- higher dosagese0
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of antioxidant enzymes were enhanced by nano-sized Co3O4 treatment but were repressed at higher dosages”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenylalanine ammonialyase activity and phenol content increased at 0.5 and 1 g L-1.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- 0.5 and 1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4e0
- Outcome
- activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and phenol contente0
- Direction
- incrementede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and phenol content incremented at 0.5 and 1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
At higher doses phenylalanine ammonialyase activity and phenol content decreased.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- higher dosagese0
- Outcome
- activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and phenol contente0
- Direction
- decrementede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase and phenol content incremented at 0.5 and 1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4 but decremented at higher dosages”
t0“Canola”
Claim · model-written summary
Malondialdehyde content and lipoxygenase activity increased above 0.1 g L-1.
- Taxon
- CanolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- after 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4e0
- Outcome
- content of malondialdehyde and lipoxygenase activitye0
- Direction
- heightenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The content of malondialdehyde and lipoxygenase activity heightened after 0.1 g L-1 of nano-sized Co3O4”
t0“Canola”
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