Abstract
Application of nutrients as nanoparticle (NP) is an operative manner of nutrient supply for plants, especially under stress conditions. The present study was designed to highlight the role of iron NP on drought tolerance and elucidate the underlying mechanisms in drought-stressed canola plants. Drought stress was imposed by polyethylene glycol different concentrations (0, 10 and 15% (W/V)) with or without iron NP (1.5 and 3 mg/l). A comparative study of several physiological and biochemical parameters have been carried out in canola plants treated by drought and iron NP. Stressed-canola plants showed a reduction in growth parameters, whereas iron NP mostly stimulated growth of stressed plants, which was accompanied by reinforcement in defense mechanisms. Regarding impacts on compatible osmolytes, the data revealed that iron NP was able to regulate osmotic potential by increasing protein, proline and soluble sugar contents. The iron NP application was activated the enzymatic defense system (catalase and polyphenol oxidase) and promoted the non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenol, flavonol and flavonoid). Both of these adaptive responses declined free radicals as well as lipid peroxidation and enhanced the membrane stability and drought tolerance of the plants. Enhanced chlorophyll accumulation via induction of protoporphyrin, magnesium protoporphyrin and protochlorophyllide, by iron NP also contributed towards better stress tolerance. Enzymes of Krebs cycle, namely succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase, were induced by iron NP in canola plants grown under drought stress. These results propose a multifaceted involvement of iron NP, through regulation of activity of respiratory enzymes and antioxidant enzymes, production of reactive oxygen species, osmoregulation and secondary metabolites metabolism, in response to drought stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress reduced canola growth.
- Taxon
- canola
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napus var. napuse0 - Treatment
- Stressede0
- Outcome
- growth parameterse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Stressed-canola plants showed a reduction in growth parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticles stimulated growth of stressed canola.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NPe0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iron NP mostly stimulated growth of stressed plants”
t0“canola plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticles increased protein, proline, and soluble sugar contents.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NPe0
- Outcome
- protein, proline and soluble sugar contentse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iron NP was able to regulate osmotic potential by increasing protein, proline and soluble sugar contents”
t0“canola plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticles activated catalase and polyphenol oxidase defenses.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NP applicatione0
- Gene
- catalase and polyphenol oxidasee0
- Outcome
- enzymatic defense systeme0
- Direction
- activatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“iron NP application was activated the enzymatic defense system (catalase and polyphenol oxidase)”
t0“canola plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticles promoted phenol, flavonol, and flavonoid antioxidants.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NPe1
- Outcome
- non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenol, flavonol and flavonoid)e0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promoted the non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenol, flavonol and flavonoid)”
t0“Iron nanoparticle regulate succinate dehydrogenase activity in canola plants under drought stress”
e1“iron NP mostly stimulated growth of stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticle responses reduced free radicals and lipid peroxidation.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NPe1
- Outcome
- free radicals as well as lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adaptive responses declined free radicals as well as lipid peroxidation”
t0“Iron nanoparticle regulate succinate dehydrogenase activity in canola plants under drought stress”
e1“iron NP mostly stimulated growth of stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticle responses enhanced membrane stability and drought tolerance.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NPe1
- Outcome
- membrane stability and drought tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced the membrane stability and drought tolerance of the plants”
t0“Iron nanoparticle regulate succinate dehydrogenase activity in canola plants under drought stress”
e1“iron NP mostly stimulated growth of stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticles enhanced chlorophyll accumulation via precursor induction.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napust0
- Treatment
- iron NPe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll accumulatione0
- Direction
- Enhancede0
- Qualifier
- induction of protoporphyrin, magnesium protoporphyrin and protochlorophyllidee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced chlorophyll accumulation via induction of protoporphyrin, magnesium protoporphyrin and protochlorophyllide, by iron NP”
t0“canola plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron nanoparticles induced succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase under drought stress.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse0
- Treatment
- iron NPe0
- Outcome
- succinate dehydrogenase and aconitasee0
- Direction
- inducede0
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase, were induced by iron NP in canola plants grown under drought stress”
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See all 10 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.