Abstract
L.) is among the most widely used aromatic plants of Lamiaceae, often grown in areas where salinity is an adverse factor. Most studies on the effect of salinity on basil focused on the influence of salt stress on productive traits, while few reported on how it affects the phytochemical composition and the aroma profile. Three basil cultivars (Dark Opal, Italiano Classico, and Purple Ruffles) were grown hydroponically for 34 days with two nutrient solutions that differed in NaCl concentration [no NaCl (Control) and 60 mM NaCl]. Yield, secondary metabolite concentration (β-carotene and lutein), antioxidant activity [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reduction antioxidant power (FRAP)], and aroma profile based on composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were appraised in response to salinity applications. Salt stress significantly reduced fresh yield in Italiano Classico and Dark Opal by 43.34 and 31.69%, respectively, while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles. Furthermore, the salt-stress treatment increased β-carotene and lutein concentrations, DPPH, and FRAP activities, and the total nitrogen content of the latter cultivar. CG-MS analysis revealed significant differences in VOCs composition of the basil cultivars, with Italiano Classico and Dark Opal characterized by the predominance of linalool (average 37.52%), which, however, was negatively affected by salinity. In Purple Ruffles, the predominant VOC compound, estragole (79.50%), was not affected by the deleterious effects of NaCl-induced stress.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced Italiano Classico fresh yield by 43.34%.
- Taxon
- Basil
Ocimum basilicumt0 - Material
- Italiano Classicoe0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- fresh yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 43.34e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress significantly reduced fresh yield in Italiano Classico and Dark Opal by 43.34 and 31.69%, respectively, while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced Dark Opal fresh yield by 31.69%.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Dark Opale0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- fresh yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 31.69%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress significantly reduced fresh yield in Italiano Classico and Dark Opal by 43.34 and 31.69%, respectively, while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress had no observed effect on Purple Ruffles fresh yield.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Purple Rufflese0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- fresh yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress significantly reduced fresh yield in Italiano Classico and Dark Opal by 43.34 and 31.69%, respectively, while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased β-carotene and lutein concentrations in Purple Ruffles.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Purple Rufflese1
- Treatment
- salt-stress treatmente0
- Outcome
- β-carotene and lutein concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the salt-stress treatment increased β-carotene and lutein concentrations, DPPH, and FRAP activities, and the total nitrogen content of the latter cultivar.”
e1“while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased DPPH and FRAP activities in Purple Ruffles.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Purple Rufflese1
- Treatment
- salt-stress treatmente0
- Outcome
- DPPH, and FRAP activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the salt-stress treatment increased β-carotene and lutein concentrations, DPPH, and FRAP activities, and the total nitrogen content of the latter cultivar.”
e1“while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased total nitrogen content in Purple Ruffles.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Purple Rufflese1
- Treatment
- salt-stress treatmente0
- Outcome
- total nitrogen contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, the salt-stress treatment increased β-carotene and lutein concentrations, DPPH, and FRAP activities, and the total nitrogen content of the latter cultivar.”
e1“while no effect was observed in Purple Ruffles.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Basil cultivars differed significantly in VOC composition.
- Taxon
- basilOcimum basilicume0
- Outcome
- VOCs compositione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CG-MS analysis revealed significant differences in VOCs composition of the basil cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Italiano Classico was characterized by predominant linalool, averaging 37.52% across Italiano Classico and Dark Opal.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Italiano Classicoe0
- Outcome
- predominance of linaloole0
- Direction
- predominancee0
- Value
- 37.52%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with Italiano Classico and Dark Opal characterized by the predominance of linalool (average 37.52%), which, however, was negatively affected by salinity.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Dark Opal was characterized by predominant linalool, averaging 37.52% across Italiano Classico and Dark Opal.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Dark Opale0
- Outcome
- predominance of linaloole0
- Direction
- predominancee0
- Value
- 37.52%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with Italiano Classico and Dark Opal characterized by the predominance of linalool (average 37.52%), which, however, was negatively affected by salinity.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity negatively affected linalool predominance in Italiano Classico.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Italiano Classicoe0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- predominance of linaloole0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with Italiano Classico and Dark Opal characterized by the predominance of linalool (average 37.52%), which, however, was negatively affected by salinity.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity negatively affected linalool predominance in Dark Opal.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Dark Opale0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- predominance of linaloole0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with Italiano Classico and Dark Opal characterized by the predominance of linalool (average 37.52%), which, however, was negatively affected by salinity.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
Estragole was the predominant VOC in Purple Ruffles at 79.50%.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Purple Rufflese0
- Outcome
- estragolee0
- Direction
- predominante0
- Value
- 79.50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Purple Ruffles, the predominant VOC compound, estragole (79.50%), was not affected by the deleterious effects of NaCl-induced stress.”
t0“Basil”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl-induced stress did not affect estragole in Purple Ruffles.
- Taxon
- BasilOcimum basilicumt0
- Material
- Purple Rufflese0
- Treatment
- NaCl-induced stresse0
- Outcome
- estragolee0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Purple Ruffles, the predominant VOC compound, estragole (79.50%), was not affected by the deleterious effects of NaCl-induced stress.”
t0“Basil”
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