Abstract
Introduction Sustainable agricultural practices for controlling crop pests are urgently needed to reduce the reliance on chemical pesticides, which have long-term detrimental effects on ecosystems. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and vermicompost (Vc) supplementation, alone and in combination, in mitigating the negative impacts of Meloidogyne incognita infestation on carrot ( Daucus carota L.) growth, development, and physiology. Methods We measured different plant growth parameters such as plant height and biomass accumulation, several plant physiological parameters such as the levels of photosynthetic pigments, phenolics, and the activity of defense enzymes such as peroxidases and polyphenol oxidases, and evaluated the severity of Meloidogyne incognita nematode infestation on plants treated or not treated with vermicompost (Vc) and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Results Our findings show that M. incognita significantly affects plant growth, biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic pigment and carotenoid content. The incorporation of Vc and AMF into the soil, either individually or in combination, significantly alleviates the negative effects of nematode infestation on carrot plants. This was accompanied by the induction of phenolic compounds and defense enzymes such as peroxidases (+15.65%) and polyphenol oxidases (29.78%), and by a reduction in the severity of nematode infestation on Vc and AMF-treated plants compared to nematode-infested plants. Principal component analysis (PCA) shows significant correlations between various of the studied parameters. In particular, we observed negative correlations between the application of AMF and Vc alone and in combination and disease severity, and positive correlations between plant growth, photosynthetic pigments phenol content, and activity of defense enzymes. Discussion Our study highlights the relevance of cultural practices and beneficial microorganisms for the sustainable and environmentally friendly management of agricultural pests.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita significantly affected carrot growth, biomass, and pigment content.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotat0 - Interactor
- M. incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pest - Outcome
- plant growth, biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic pigment and carotenoid contente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“M. incognita significantly affects plant growth, biomass accumulation, and photosynthetic pigment and carotenoid content”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Vc and AMF, separately or together, alleviated nematode effects on carrot.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- Vc and AMFe0
- Outcome
- negative effects of nematode infestatione0
- Direction
- alleviatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The incorporation of Vc and AMF into the soil, either individually or in combination, significantly alleviates the negative effects of nematode infestation on carrot plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment induced phenolic compounds in infested carrot plants.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- Vc and AMFe1
- Outcome
- phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- inductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was accompanied by the induction of phenolic compounds and defense enzymes such as peroxidases (+15.65%) and polyphenol oxidases (29.78%)”
e1“The incorporation of Vc and AMF into the soil, either individually or in combination”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment induced peroxidases by 15.65%.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- Vc and AMFe2
- Outcome
- peroxidasese0
- Direction
- inductione1
- Value
- 15.65%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“peroxidases (+15.65%)”
e1“the induction of phenolic compounds and defense enzymes such as peroxidases”
e2“The incorporation of Vc and AMF into the soil”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment induced polyphenol oxidases by 29.78%.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- Vc and AMFe2
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidasese0
- Direction
- inductione1
- Value
- 29.78%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“polyphenol oxidases (29.78%)”
e1“the induction of phenolic compounds and defense enzymes such as peroxidases (+15.65%) and polyphenol oxidases”
e2“The incorporation of Vc and AMF into the soil”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Vc and AMF reduced nematode infestation severity relative to infested plants.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- Vc and AMF-treatede0
- Outcome
- severity of nematode infestatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- nematode-infested plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a reduction in the severity of nematode infestation on Vc and AMF-treated plants compared to nematode-infested plants”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF and Vc application was negatively correlated with disease severity.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- application of AMF and Vc alone and in combinatione0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- negative correlationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“negative correlations between the application of AMF and Vc alone and in combination and disease severity”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant growth, pigments, phenol content, and defense enzyme activity were positively correlated.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- plant growth, photosynthetic pigments phenol content, and activity of defense enzymese0
- Direction
- positive correlationse0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“positive correlations between plant growth, photosynthetic pigments phenol content, and activity of defense enzymes”
t0“carrot”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · quality: phytochemicals · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.