Abstract
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the application of the glyphosate herbicide on seed reserve mobilization and seedling morphology of genetically modified soybean. Two herbicide-tolerant (TMG 1264RR and P98Y11) and two herbicide-sensitive (Emgopa 315 and UFUS 7415) cultivars were selected for the study and subjected to germination, seedling length, and reserve mobilization tests after treatments with glyphosate solutions at the concentrations of 0.00, 0.06, and 0.12%. The hypocotyl/radicle ratio and the efficiency of conversion of reserves to seedlings were also determined. The higher the concentration of glyphosate, the lower the percentage of normal seedlings and the shorter seedling length, mainly in the herbicide-sensitive cultivars. The 'TMG 1264RR' glyphosate-tolerant genotype mobilized more reserves and was more efficient in converting biomass into seedlings. Herbicide application reduced the average length of the seedlings and caused the roots to become shorter than the hypocotyls. During germination, the herbicide changes seedling morphology since the seedling hypocotyl becomes proportionally larger than the radicle. Although, when applied, glyphosate altered the length, weight, and reserve mobilization of the four evaluated genotypes, the most affected were 'Emgopa 315' and 'UFUS 7415', the glyphosate-sensitive ones.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Higher glyphosate concentrations reduced normal seedling percentage, especially in sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- herbicide-sensitive cultivarse0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- percentage of normal seedlingse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher the concentration of glyphosate, the lower the percentage of normal seedlings and the shorter seedling length, mainly in the herbicide-sensitive cultivars.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher glyphosate concentrations shortened seedlings, especially in sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- herbicide-sensitive cultivarse0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- seedling lengthe0
- Direction
- shortere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher the concentration of glyphosate, the lower the percentage of normal seedlings and the shorter seedling length, mainly in the herbicide-sensitive cultivars.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
TMG 1264RR mobilized more reserves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TMG 1264RRe0
- Outcome
- reservese0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 'TMG 1264RR' glyphosate-tolerant genotype mobilized more reserves and was more efficient in converting biomass into seedlings.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
TMG 1264RR converted biomass into seedlings more efficiently.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- TMG 1264RRe0
- Outcome
- converting biomass into seedlingse0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 'TMG 1264RR' glyphosate-tolerant genotype mobilized more reserves and was more efficient in converting biomass into seedlings.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application shortened roots relative to hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Herbicide applicatione0
- Outcome
- rootse0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- hypocotylse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Herbicide application reduced the average length of the seedlings and caused the roots to become shorter than the hypocotyls.”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate altered length, weight, and reserve mobilization in four genotypes, most strongly in Emgopa 315 and UFUS 7415.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- four evaluated genotypese0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- length, weight, and reserve mobilizatione0
- Direction
- alterede0
- Qualifier
- most affected were 'Emgopa 315' and 'UFUS 7415'e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although, when applied, glyphosate altered the length, weight, and reserve mobilization of the four evaluated genotypes, the most affected were 'Emgopa 315' and 'UFUS 7415', the glyphosate-sensitive ones.”
t0“soybean”
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