Abstract
In this research, the effect of two irrigation treatments (90 and 40% of available water) and four different levels of zinc (control, 5, 10, and 20 mg kg-1 soil) was investigated on pistachio rootstock seedlings including ‘Akbari’ and ‘Badami’ in a completely randomized design with four replications during 90 days. At the end of the experiment, plant growth characteristics including shoot height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and dry matter accumulation in root, stem, and leaf were evaluated. Additionally, the relative water content, membrane stability index, photosynthetic pigment concentrations, and content of organic osmolytes were appraised as well. The results showed that drought stress reduced plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and biomass of plants, and increased root dry weight. The zinc application increased plant growth under irrigation treatments. In addition, under drought stress, the application of 5 mg kg-1 zinc increased the membrane stability by16.76%, maintained chlorophyll a by 20.69%, b by 31.96%, and total chlorophyll of the leaf by 27.74%. However, the application of 20 mg kg-1 Zn in soil caused toxicity and exacerbated the effects of drought stress which led to the accumulation of proline and soluble carbohydrates in the pistachio rootstocks with more proline in ‘Akbari’ than ‘Badami’ rootstock, while Zinc could reduce the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and proline. In general, ‘Badami’ was introduced as a tolerant rootstock for use underwater stress, as well as using 5 mg kg-1 Zn to improve the growth and efficiency of both rootstocks under drought stress or without stress.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced height, leaf number, leaf area, and biomass.
- Taxon
- Pistachio
Pistacia verat0 - Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and biomass of plantse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress reduced plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and biomass of plants”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased root dry weight.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased root dry weight”
e1“drought stress reduced plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, and biomass of plants”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased growth under irrigation treatments.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under irrigation treatmentse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The zinc application increased plant growth under irrigation treatments”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mg kg-1 zinc under drought, membrane stability increased by 16.76%.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- application of 5 mg kg-1 zince0
- Outcome
- membrane stabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16.76%e0
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under drought stress, the application of 5 mg kg-1 zinc increased the membrane stability by16.76%”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mg kg-1 zinc under drought, chlorophyll a was maintained by 20.69%.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- application of 5 mg kg-1 zince0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll ae0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Value
- 20.69%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 5 mg kg-1 zinc increased the membrane stability by16.76%, maintained chlorophyll a by 20.69%”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mg kg-1 zinc under drought, chlorophyll b was maintained by 31.96%.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- application of 5 mg kg-1 zince0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a by 20.69%, be0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Value
- 31.96%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 5 mg kg-1 zinc increased the membrane stability by16.76%, maintained chlorophyll a by 20.69%, b by 31.96%”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5 mg kg-1 zinc under drought, total leaf chlorophyll was maintained by 27.74%.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- application of 5 mg kg-1 zince0
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll of the leafe0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Value
- 27.74%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 5 mg kg-1 zinc increased the membrane stability by16.76%, maintained chlorophyll a by 20.69%, b by 31.96%, and total chlorophyll of the leaf by 27.74%”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil zinc at 20 mg kg-1 caused toxicity and worsened drought effects.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- application of 20 mg kg-1 Zn in soile0
- Outcome
- toxicity and exacerbated the effects of drought stresse0
- Direction
- exacerbatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 20 mg kg-1 Zn in soil caused toxicity and exacerbated the effects of drought stress”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 20 mg kg-1 soil zinc, proline and soluble carbohydrates accumulated.
- Taxon
- pistachioPistacia verae0
- Treatment
- application of 20 mg kg-1 Zn in soile0
- Outcome
- accumulation of proline and soluble carbohydratese0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 20 mg kg-1 Zn in soil caused toxicity and exacerbated the effects of drought stress which led to the accumulation of proline and soluble carbohydrates in the pistachio rootstocks”
Claim · model-written summary
Akbari accumulated more proline than Badami.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more proline in ‘Akbari’ than ‘Badami’ rootstock”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc could reduce soluble carbohydrate and proline accumulation.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- Zince0
- Outcome
- accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and prolinee0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc could reduce the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates and proline”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended Badami as a drought tolerant rootstock.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Material
- ‘Badami’e0
- Outcome
- tolerant rootstock for use underwater stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Badami’ was introduced as a tolerant rootstock for use underwater stress”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended 5 mg kg-1 Zn for both rootstocks with or without drought.
- Taxon
- PistachioPistacia verat0
- Treatment
- using 5 mg kg-1 Zne0
- Outcome
- improve the growth and efficiency of both rootstockse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using 5 mg kg-1 Zn to improve the growth and efficiency of both rootstocks under drought stress or without stress”
t0“Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.)”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.