Abstract
Abstract Background Use of endophytic fungi, as pathogen control of Bipolaris maydis and Curvularia sp., is an alternative method of control without the use of synthetic pesticides that are more environmentally friendly. This study aimed to determine the potential of endophytic fungi in controlling the growth of pathogens B. maydis and Curvularia sp. in vitro and in spurring the growth of corn plants. It was consisted of three types of testing three endophytic fungal species ( Aspergillus _1, Fusarium _2, and Trichoderma _11), namely (1) testing the antagonistic activity of endophytic fungal against pathogens by double culture method, (2) physiological characterization of endophytic fungal as phosphate solvents and chitinase producers, and (3) testing of corn seed vigor with the blotter test method. Results The results of testing endophytic fungal isolates against B. maydis pathogens showed that the three isolates were able to suppress the development of B. maydis , whereas the Trichoderma _11 isolate showed higher suppression results than others. The isolate that showed the best ability to dissolve phosphates is Fusarium_2 with a dissolving index of 1.9 and their effectiveness up to 91.5%. Meanwhile, Trichoderma _11 was able to produce the highest chitinase activity index of 1.9 with an effectiveness of 90.6%. The best corn root lengths and plant height were shown on Fusarium _2 treatment. Similar outcomes were observed when Curvularia sp. was tested. The whole isolates were able to suppress the growth of the pathogen by 16.43–40.44% on the 4th day after incubation. Trichoderma sp. isolate was 72.50% more effective at suppressing than the other two isolates. On day 11, the isolate of Aspergillus sp. was suppressed by 62.50%, while Fusarium sp. showed the lowest suppression of 59.17%. Conclusions Trichoderma_11 isolate was potentially the best biocontrol agent against maydis leaf blight and Curvularia leaf spot in vitro. Meanwhile, the Fusarium _2 isolate had promoted the growth of the corn seedlings.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Three fungal isolates suppressed B. maydis development.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Interactor
- B. maydis
Bipolaris maydise0pathogen - Outcome
- development of B. maydise0
- Direction
- suppresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“the three isolates were able to suppress the development of B. maydis”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma _11 suppressed B. maydis more than the other isolates.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma _11e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- suppression resultse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“the Trichoderma _11 isolate showed higher suppression results than others”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium_2 had phosphate dissolution index 1.9.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Fusarium_2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- dissolving indexe0
- Value
- 1.9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Fusarium_2 with a dissolving index of 1.9 and their effectiveness up to 91.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium_2 phosphate dissolution effectiveness reached 91.5%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Fusarium_2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Value
- 91.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Fusarium_2 with a dissolving index of 1.9 and their effectiveness up to 91.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma _11 had chitinase activity index 1.9.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma _11e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- chitinase activity indexe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Trichoderma _11 was able to produce the highest chitinase activity index of 1.9 with an effectiveness of 90.6%”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma _11 chitinase effectiveness was 90.6%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma _11e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- effectivenesse0
- Value
- 90.6%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Trichoderma _11 was able to produce the highest chitinase activity index of 1.9 with an effectiveness of 90.6%”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium _2 treatment gave the best corn root lengths and plant height.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Fusarium _2 treatmente0
- Interactor
- Fusarium _2e0symbiont
- Outcome
- corn root lengths and plant heighte0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best corn root lengths and plant height were shown on Fusarium _2 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolates suppressed Curvularia growth by 16.43–40.44% on day four.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- growth of the pathogene0
- Direction
- suppresse0
- Value
- 16.43–40.44%e0
- Qualifier
- 4th day after incubatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“The whole isolates were able to suppress the growth of the pathogen by 16.43–40.44% on the 4th day after incubation”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma sp. was 72.50% more effective at suppression.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma sp.
Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- effective at suppressinge0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Value
- 72.50%e0
- Comparator
- other two isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Trichoderma sp. isolate was 72.50% more effective at suppressing than the other two isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspergillus sp. was suppressed by 62.50% on day 11.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- isolate of Aspergillus sp. was suppressede0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Value
- 62.50%e0
- Qualifier
- day 11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“On day 11, the isolate of Aspergillus sp. was suppressed by 62.50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium sp. showed lowest suppression at 59.17%.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- suppressione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 59.17%e0
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Fusarium sp. showed the lowest suppression of 59.17%”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded Trichoderma_11 had best in vitro biocontrol potential.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma_11e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- best biocontrol agent against maydis leaf blight and Curvularia leaf spote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“corn”
e0“Trichoderma_11 isolate was potentially the best biocontrol agent against maydis leaf blight and Curvularia leaf spot in vitro”
The same questions in other papers
Fusarium · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.