Abstract
Abstract Background Night-time light pollution (NLP), which breaks the natural cycle of day and night, has become a new threat to urban ecosystems. Plants are the main component of urban ecosystems and play an irreplaceable role in maintaining urban ecological balance. The effects of NLP with various radiation sources, including green, white, blue and red light provided by light-emitting diodes, on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment. Results NLP caused photoinhibition and oxidative stress in plants, and the extent of the deleterious effects varied with the spectral distribution of artificial light sources and species. Both E. japonicus and R. hybrida were more sensitive to blue and red light, which reduced the pigment concentration, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal limit value, effective quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient, and markedly increased the malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacity. However, those negative effects under white light were only present in E. japonicus and not in R. hybrida . Furthermore, blue and red light significantly decreased the stomatal conductance of E. japonicus . In contrast, green light had no significant effect on the above indices for both species. All spectra did not significantly change the sugars and starch contents for either species. Conclusions Considering that the spectral distribution of artificial light at night in cities has great heterogeneity and that its effect varies with plant species, it is important to arrange tree species with NLP tolerance and install appropriate light sources in urban areas based on the corresponding physiological responses and adaptation of urban trees.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and red light reduced pigment concentration, net photosynthetic rate and stomatal limit value in Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida
Rosa hybrid cultivar
Euonymus japonicuse0 - Treatment
- blue and red lighte2
- Outcome
- pigment concentration, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal limit valuee2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Setting
- block field experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e2“Both E. japonicus and R. hybrida were more sensitive to blue and red light, which reduced the pigment concentration, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal limit value, effective quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient, and markedly increased the malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and red light reduced effective quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient in Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- blue and red lighte2
- Outcome
- effective quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficiente2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e2“Both E. japonicus and R. hybrida were more sensitive to blue and red light, which reduced the pigment concentration, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal limit value, effective quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient, and markedly increased the malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and red light markedly increased malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacity in Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- blue and red lighte2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacitye2
- Direction
- markedly increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e2“Both E. japonicus and R. hybrida were more sensitive to blue and red light, which reduced the pigment concentration, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal limit value, effective quantum yield, apparent electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching coefficient, and markedly increased the malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
The negative effects of white light were present in Euonymus japonicus but not in Rosa hybrida.
- Taxon
- E. japonicusEuonymus japonicuse3
- Treatment
- white lighte3
- Outcome
- negative effectse3
- Direction
- only presente3
- Comparator
- R. hybridae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“However, those negative effects under white light were only present in E. japonicus and not in R. hybrida”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue and red light significantly decreased stomatal conductance of Euonymus japonicus.
- Taxon
- E. japonicusEuonymus japonicuse4
- Treatment
- blue and red lighte4
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee4
- Direction
- significantly decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Furthermore, blue and red light significantly decreased the stomatal conductance of E. japonicus”
Claim · model-written summary
Green light had no significant effect on the photosynthetic and oxidative indices of Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- green lighte5
- Outcome
- the above indicese5
- Direction
- had no significant effecte5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e5“In contrast, green light had no significant effect on the above indices for both species”
Claim · model-written summary
All light spectra did not significantly change sugar and starch contents of Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- All spectrae6
- Outcome
- sugars and starch contentse6
- Direction
- did not significantly changee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e6“All spectra did not significantly change the sugars and starch contents for either species”
Claim · model-written summary
Night-time light pollution caused photoinhibition and oxidative stress in plants.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- NLPe1
- Outcome
- photoinhibition and oxidative stresse1
- Direction
- causede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e1“NLP caused photoinhibition and oxidative stress in plants, and the extent of the deleterious effects varied with the spectral distribution of artificial light sources and species”
Claim · model-written summary
The extent of the deleterious effects of night-time light pollution varied with the spectral distribution of artificial light sources.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- spectral distribution of artificial light sourcese1
- Outcome
- the extent of the deleterious effectse1
- Direction
- variede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e1“NLP caused photoinhibition and oxidative stress in plants, and the extent of the deleterious effects varied with the spectral distribution of artificial light sources and species”
Claim · model-written summary
Tree species with night-time light pollution tolerance should be planted and appropriate light sources installed in urban areas.
- Taxon
- Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Outcome
- arrange tree species with NLP tolerance and install appropriate light sources in urban arease7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on urban plants, Euonymus japonicus and Rosa hybrida , were examined in a block field experiment”
e7“it is important to arrange tree species with NLP tolerance and install appropriate light sources in urban areas”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: photosynthesis · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →light · physiology: oxidative · Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindletree)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
light · physiology: photosynthesis · Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindletree)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.