Abstract
Urban plants are currently confronted with the stresses posed by artificial light at night (ALAN) and drought. A field block experiment was designed to explore the potential effects of ALAN and drought on the photosynthesis and physiological characters of two common urban plants, Euonymus japonicus ( E. japonicus ) and Rosa hybrida ( R. hybrida ). Each plant species was subjected to four distinct treatments: neither ALAN nor drought, ALAN, drought, and both ALAN and drought. The result showed the following: (1) ALAN significantly reduced the effective quantum yield (Φ PSII ), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching parameter ( q p), net photosynthetic (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limit value (Ls), and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and starch in both E. japonicus and R. hybrida . Furthermore, ALAN increased the soluble saccharides of E. japonicus , and this effect of ALAN also occurred on R. hybrida under drought. (2) Drought significantly decreased the Φ PSII , ETR, q p, Pn, Gs, Ls, and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of MDA and TAC for both E. japonicus and R. hybrida . Moreover, drought did not significantly change the starch content of both species, and it significantly increased the content of soluble saccharides for E. japonicus. (3) The interaction between ALAN and drought occurred on the Φ PSII , ETR, Pn, MDA, and TAC of E. japonicus , but had no effect on R. hybrida . For urban areas affected by ALAN and drought, it is advisable to select plant species with strong stress resistance for gardening purposes, and plants directly exposed to ALAN should receive sufficient water during hot and dry weather conditions to maintain their normal growth.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN reduced photosynthetic and pigment traits in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybrida
Rosa hybrid cultivar
Euonymus japonicuse0 - Treatment
- ALANe0
- Outcome
- effective quantum yield (Φ PSII ), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching parameter ( q p)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ALAN significantly reduced the effective quantum yield (Φ PSII ), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching parameter ( q p), net photosynthetic (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limit value (Ls), and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and starch in both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN reduced net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and stomatal limit value in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- ALANe0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limit value (Ls)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ALAN significantly reduced the effective quantum yield (Φ PSII ), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching parameter ( q p), net photosynthetic (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limit value (Ls), and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and starch in both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN reduced pigment concentrations in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- ALANe0
- Outcome
- pigment concentrationse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ALAN significantly reduced the effective quantum yield (Φ PSII ), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching parameter ( q p), net photosynthetic (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limit value (Ls), and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and starch in both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN increased malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity and starch in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- ALANe0
- Outcome
- content of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and starche0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ALAN significantly reduced the effective quantum yield (Φ PSII ), apparent electron transfer rate (ETR), photochemical quenching parameter ( q p), net photosynthetic (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal limit value (Ls), and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and starch in both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN increased soluble saccharides in E. japonicus.
- Taxon
- E. japonicusEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- ALANe0
- Outcome
- soluble saccharidese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ALAN increased the soluble saccharides of E. japonicus”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN increased soluble saccharides in drought-exposed R. hybrida.
- Taxon
- R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare0
- Treatment
- ALANe0
- Outcome
- soluble saccharidest1
- Direction
- increasedt1
- Qualifier
- under droughte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this effect of ALAN also occurred on R. hybrida under drought”
t1“ALAN increased the soluble saccharides of E. japonicus”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced effective quantum yield, electron transfer rate and photochemical quenching in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- Φ PSII , ETR, q pe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought significantly decreased the Φ PSII , ETR, q p, Pn, Gs, Ls, and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of MDA and TAC for both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and stomatal limit value in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- Pn, Gs, Lse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought significantly decreased the Φ PSII , ETR, q p, Pn, Gs, Ls, and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of MDA and TAC for both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced pigment concentrations in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- pigment concentrationse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought significantly decreased the Φ PSII , ETR, q p, Pn, Gs, Ls, and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of MDA and TAC for both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased MDA and TAC in both species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- content of MDA and TACe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought significantly decreased the Φ PSII , ETR, q p, Pn, Gs, Ls, and the pigment concentrations and remarkably increased the content of MDA and TAC for both E. japonicus and R. hybrida .”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought did not significantly change starch content in either species.
- Taxon
- E. japonicus and R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivarEuonymus japonicuse1
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- starch contente0
- Direction
- did not significantly changee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought did not significantly change the starch content of both species”
e1“for both E. japonicus and R. hybrida”
t0“E. japonicus ) and Rosa hybrida ( R. hybrida”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased soluble saccharides in E. japonicus.
- Taxon
- E. japonicusEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- droughtt0
- Outcome
- content of soluble saccharidese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it significantly increased the content of soluble saccharides for E. japonicus”
t0“drought did not significantly change”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN and drought interacted for five physiological measures in E. japonicus.
- Taxon
- E. japonicusEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- ALAN and droughte0
- Outcome
- Φ PSII , ETR, Pne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between ALAN and drought occurred on the Φ PSII , ETR, Pn, MDA, and TAC of E. japonicus”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN and drought interacted for MDA and TAC in E. japonicus.
- Taxon
- E. japonicusEuonymus japonicuse0
- Treatment
- ALAN and droughte0
- Outcome
- MDA, and TACe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between ALAN and drought occurred on the Φ PSII , ETR, Pn, MDA, and TAC of E. japonicus”
Claim · model-written summary
ALAN and drought had no interaction effect in R. hybrida.
- Taxon
- R. hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare0
- Treatment
- ALAN and droughtt0
- Outcome
- no effecte0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but had no effect on R. hybrida”
t0“interaction between ALAN and drought”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise selecting strongly stress-resistant species for gardening in affected urban areas.
Verbatim
e0“it is advisable to select plant species with strong stress resistance for gardening purposes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advise watering plants exposed to ALAN during hot dry weather.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Outcome
- should receive sufficient water during hot and dry weather conditionse0
Verbatim
e0“plants directly exposed to ALAN should receive sufficient water during hot and dry weather conditions to maintain their normal growth”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: pigments · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →light · physiology: photosynthesis · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →light · physiology: pigments · Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindletree)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
light · physiology: photosynthesis · Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindletree)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.