Abstract
No-till with cover crop (CC) has been marketed to growers as a sustainable way to increase soil quality and crop yields. Our goal was to better understand the effect of CC management strategies on crop yield and mitigation of soil compaction. The compaction treatments were: four (C4) and eight (C8) wheel passes of a tractor, and without additional compaction (C0). CCs in autumn/winter were Italian ryegrass (IR) hay, IR as CC, and mix of IR and forage radish as CC. In the spring/summer, corn and soybean were cultivated. The reduction of hydraulic conductivity (0–6 cm depth) after first season in the IR hay was 74.9% in C4 and 96.2% in C8 comparted with C0. Overall, harvested CC has limited capacity to respond to compaction, decreasing root growth (root biomass of 2191, 2753, and 3744 kg ha−1, IR hay, IR CC, and mix, respectively). Further, the negative effects of compaction on crop yield were modest, probably because of the low axle loads and contact stresses; high inherent structural stability of Oxisols; and permanent no-till and CC roots which favored soil structure stability. Future works should use higher axle loads and surface stresses and a control treatment without CC.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Four wheel passes reduced soil hydraulic conductivity by 74.9% relative to no additional compaction under IR hay.
- Treatment
- C4e0
- Outcome
- hydraulic conductivitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 74.9%e0
- Qualifier
- IR haye0
- Comparator
- C0e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The reduction of hydraulic conductivity (0–6 cm depth) after first season in the IR hay was 74.9% in C4 and 96.2% in C8 comparted with C0”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight wheel passes reduced soil hydraulic conductivity by 96.2% relative to no additional compaction under IR hay.
- Treatment
- C8e0
- Outcome
- hydraulic conductivitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 96.2%e0
- Qualifier
- IR haye0
- Comparator
- C0e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The reduction of hydraulic conductivity (0–6 cm depth) after first season in the IR hay was 74.9% in C4 and 96.2% in C8 comparted with C0”
Claim · model-written summary
IR hay cover cropping produced 2191 kg ha−1 root biomass under compaction.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing root growth (root biomass of 2191, 2753, and 3744 kg ha−1, IR hay, IR CC, and mix, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
IR cover cropping produced 2753 kg ha−1 root biomass under compaction.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing root growth (root biomass of 2191, 2753, and 3744 kg ha−1, IR hay, IR CC, and mix, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
The mixed cover crop produced 3744 kg ha−1 root biomass under compaction.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing root growth (root biomass of 2191, 2753, and 3744 kg ha−1, IR hay, IR CC, and mix, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compaction had modest negative effects on crop yield.
- Taxon
- corn and soybean
Glycine max
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- compactione0
- Outcome
- crop yielde0
- Direction
- negative effectse0
- Qualifier
- modeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the negative effects of compaction on crop yield were modest”
t0“corn and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend future studies use higher axle loads and surface stresses.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- use higher axle loads and surface stressese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Future works should use higher axle loads and surface stresses”
t0“corn and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend a control without a cover crop.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- a control treatment without CCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a control treatment without CC”
t0“corn and soybean”
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