Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during winter season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 to evaluate the effect of residue mulch and irrigation on the physiological response and yield of maize and soil physical properties at G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The experiment was laid-out in split-plot design which includes three irrigation scheduling in main plots and four residue mulch practices in sub plots. Soil temperature at 15 cm enhanced by 0.6-9.8 0C under mulch and by 0.7-1.2 0C with irrigation at 20% DASM over other irrigation levels. Mulch significantly decreased bulk density by 1.43-3.59% while increased saturated hydraulic conductivity by 3.8-41.0% and mean weight diameter by 6.0-20.0%. Irrigation at less depletion of available soil moisture favoured soil physical properties. Mulch and increase in irrigation frequency tended to increase in relative water content and transpiration rate while decreased leaf diffusive resistance. No noticeable differences in leaf temperature were observed under mulch and irrigation. Green gram straw mulch and irrigation given at 20% DASM produced 2.6-14.2 % and 1.3-9.2% higher grain yield, respectively. Combined application of green gram straw mulch @ 5 t ha-1 along with irrigation at 20% DASM was found most beneficial for maintaining favourable soil environment and can be recommended for obtaining higher maize yield in Mollisols.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch raised soil temperature at 15 cm by 0.6–9.8 °C.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil temperature at 15 cm enhanced by 0.6-9.8 0C under mulch”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 20% DASM raised soil temperature by 0.7–1.2 °C.
- Treatment
- irrigation at 20% DASMe0
- Outcome
- Soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 0.7-1.2 0Ce0
- Comparator
- other irrigation levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil temperature at 15 cm enhanced by 0.6-9.8 0C under mulch and by 0.7-1.2 0C with irrigation at 20% DASM over other irrigation levels”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch lowered bulk density by 1.43–3.59%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mulch significantly decreased bulk density by 1.43-3.59%”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch increased saturated hydraulic conductivity by 3.8–41.0%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mulch significantly decreased bulk density by 1.43-3.59% while increased saturated hydraulic conductivity by 3.8-41.0%”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch increased mean weight diameter by 6.0–20.0%.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mean weight diameter by 6.0-20.0%”
t0“straw mulching and irrigation on physiological activities, yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at less soil-moisture depletion favored soil physical properties.
- Treatment
- Irrigation at less depletion of available soil moisturee0
- Outcome
- soil physical propertiese0
- Direction
- favourede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation at less depletion of available soil moisture favoured soil physical properties”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch and more frequent irrigation tended to increase relative water content and transpiration rate.
- Treatment
- Mulch and increase in irrigation frequencye0
- Outcome
- relative water content and transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mulch and increase in irrigation frequency tended to increase in relative water content and transpiration rate”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch and more frequent irrigation tended to decrease leaf diffusive resistance.
- Treatment
- Mulch and increase in irrigation frequencye0
- Outcome
- leaf diffusive resistancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mulch and increase in irrigation frequency tended to increase in relative water content and transpiration rate while decreased leaf diffusive resistance”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf temperature showed no noticeable differences under mulch and irrigation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No noticeable differences in leaf temperature were observed under mulch and irrigation”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Green gram straw mulch produced 2.6–14.2% higher grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green gram straw mulch and irrigation given at 20% DASM produced 2.6-14.2 % and 1.3-9.2% higher grain yield, respectively”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at 20% DASM produced 1.3–9.2% higher grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Green gram straw mulch and irrigation given at 20% DASM produced 2.6-14.2 % and 1.3-9.2% higher grain yield, respectively”
t0“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend green gram straw mulch at 5 t ha-1 with irrigation at 20% DASM for higher maize yield in Mollisols.
- Treatment
- green gram straw mulch @ 5 t ha-1 along with irrigation at 20% DASMe0
- Outcome
- higher maize yielde0
- Setting
- Mollisolse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined application of green gram straw mulch @ 5 t ha-1 along with irrigation at 20% DASM was found most beneficial for maintaining favourable soil environment and can be recommended for obtaining higher maize yield in Mollisols”
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See all 373 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.