Paper · 2023 · Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

Effect of Foliar Application of Potassium and Zinc Elements on Maize Yield and Grain Nutrient Content Under Water-Deficit Conditions

Morteza Kouchak Dezfouli; Alireza Shokuhfar; Shahram Lak; et al.

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
2
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The valuable corn plant is affected by complications if faced with water deficit conditions, feeding the plant with potassium and zinc elements at the right time can be a useful solution in creating plant resistance. To scrutinize the effect of time of foliar application of potassium and zinc elements on grain yield and concentration of nutrients in maize seed (variety SC 704) under water deficit conditions, a split-split plot experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized block design with three repetitions during two crop years at Ahvaz Agricultural Research Station. Treatment of water deficit conditions in the form of irrigation cutting off in two stages of 12 leaves and beginning of tassel emergence with the control treatment was considered as the main plot and foliar application of potassium element in the growth stages (8 leaves, 8 + 12 leaves and without foliar application(control)) was considered as the sub-plot. Also, foliar application of zinc element in the growth stages (8 leaves, 8 + 12 leaves and without foliar application (control)) was regarded as the sub-sub plot. The highest values of yield (1073.8 gr.m-2) was obtained in optimal irrigation treatment with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar application. The highest concentrations of potassium (1.37%), zinc (37.59 mg.gr-1) and protein (15.23%) were accumulated in the seeds when the irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar application. Phosphorus (0.41%) with two stages of zinc foliar application increased significantly.

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Optimal irrigation with two potassium and zinc foliar applications produced the highest maize yield of 1073.8 gr.m-2.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
optimal irrigation treatment with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar applicatione0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
1073.8 gr.m-2e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest values of yield (1073.8 gr.m-2) was obtained in optimal irrigation treatment with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1115–1261 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–68 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation cut off at tasseling with two foliar potassium and zinc applications yielded the highest seed potassium concentration, 1.37%.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage
seedse0
Treatment
irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar applicatione0
Outcome
concentrations of potassiume0
Direction
higheste0
Value
1.37%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest concentrations of potassium (1.37%), zinc (37.59 mg.gr-1) and protein (15.23%) were accumulated in the seeds when the irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1262–1498 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–68 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The same treatment yielded the highest seed zinc concentration, 37.59 mg.gr-1.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage
seedse0
Treatment
irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar applicatione0
Outcome
zince0
Direction
higheste0
Value
37.59 mg.gr-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest concentrations of potassium (1.37%), zinc (37.59 mg.gr-1) and protein (15.23%) were accumulated in the seeds when the irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1262–1498 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–68 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The same treatment yielded the highest seed protein concentration, 15.23%.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Organ / stage
seedse0
Treatment
irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar applicatione0
Outcome
proteine0
Direction
higheste0
Value
15.23%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest concentrations of potassium (1.37%), zinc (37.59 mg.gr-1) and protein (15.23%) were accumulated in the seeds when the irrigation was cut off at the tassel stage along with two stages of potassium and zinc foliar application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1262–1498 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–68 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Two foliar zinc applications significantly increased seed phosphorus to 0.41%.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
two stages of zinc foliar applicatione0
Outcome
Phosphoruse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
0.41%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Phosphorus (0.41%) with two stages of zinc foliar application increased significantly.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1499–1585 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–68 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

42 papers: 37 positive, 5 negative or no effect

36 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

38 papers more in this group

See all 42 papers →

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

235 papers: 199 positive, 36 negative or no effect

198 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

231 papers more in this group

See all 235 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

441 papers: 391 positive, 50 negative or no effect

390 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

437 papers more in this group

See all 441 papers →

irrigation · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

39 papers: 25 positive, 14 negative or no effect

24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

35 papers more in this group

See all 39 papers →

potassium · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

96 papers: 74 positive, 22 negative or no effect

73 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

92 papers more in this group

See all 96 papers →

application · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

62 papers: 61 positive, 1 negative or no effect

60 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

58 papers more in this group

See all 62 papers →

irrigation · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

104 papers: 84 positive, 20 negative or no effect

83 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

100 papers more in this group

See all 104 papers →

application · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

161 papers: 151 positive, 10 negative or no effect

150 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

157 papers more in this group

See all 161 papers →

8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.