Abstract
Alleviating iron (Fe) deficiency in soil and enhancing Fe content in edible portions by using conventional supplements pose challenges. In this context, a greenhouse experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2018 to evaluate the impact of iron dose and source, specifically nano Fe2O3 and FeSO4, on rice root growth and yields. Results showed that foliar application of 0.2% Fe through FeSO4 and 0.2% Fe through nano Fe2O3 significantly increased the mean root length by 9.5% and 10.1%, respectively, alongside increasing the mean root surface area by 8.8% and 7.3%, respectively, over control. However, the soil application of Fe (3 mg Fe/kg and 0.6 mg Fe/kg through nano Fe2O3 was ineffective in enhancing the rice root length and surface area. In contrast to the root parameters, nano Fe2O3 treatment did not have any significant improvement in grain and straw yield. The addition of Fe through FeSO4 .7H2O led to a noteworthy 24% and 33% increase in grain yield at 0.2% Fe (foliar) and 15 mg Fe/kg (soil), respectively. Similarly, the straw yield saw a corresponding increase of 39% and 34%, respectively, over control. Moreover, the application of FeSO4 and nano Fe2O3 resulted in Fe content registering 1.89 and 1.50 times higher than the control (93 mg/kg). Conversely, lower doses of nano Fe2O3 exhibited no influence on ferrous ion content, DTPA-Fe levels, or yield through both foliar and soil applications.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar FeSO4 increased root surface area by 8.8% over control.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 0.2% Fe through FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- mean root surface areae0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 8.8%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of 0.2% Fe through FeSO4 and 0.2% Fe through nano Fe2O3 significantly increased the mean root length by 9.5% and 10.1%, respectively, alongside increasing the mean root surface area by 8.8% and 7.3%, respectively, over control”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nano Fe2O3 increased root surface area by 7.3% over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 0.2% Fe through nano Fe2O3e0
- Outcome
- mean root surface areae0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 7.3%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of 0.2% Fe through FeSO4 and 0.2% Fe through nano Fe2O3 significantly increased the mean root length by 9.5% and 10.1%, respectively, alongside increasing the mean root surface area by 8.8% and 7.3%, respectively, over control”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nano Fe2O3 did not enhance rice root length or surface area.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nano Fe2O3e0
- Outcome
- rice root length and surface areae0
- Direction
- ineffective in enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application of Fe (3 mg Fe/kg and 0.6 mg Fe/kg through nano Fe2O3 was ineffective in enhancing the rice root length and surface area”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano Fe2O3 did not significantly improve grain or straw yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nano Fe2O3e0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- did not have any significant improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nano Fe2O3 treatment did not have any significant improvement in grain and straw yield”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar FeSO4 increased grain yield by 24%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of Fe through FeSO4 .7H2O led to a noteworthy 24% and 33% increase in grain yield at 0.2% Fe (foliar) and 15 mg Fe/kg (soil), respectively”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil FeSO4 increased grain yield by 33%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 15 mg Fe/kg (soil)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of Fe through FeSO4 .7H2O led to a noteworthy 24% and 33% increase in grain yield at 0.2% Fe (foliar) and 15 mg Fe/kg (soil), respectively”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar FeSO4 increased straw yield by 39% over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 0.2% Fe (foliar)e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of Fe through FeSO4 .7H2O led to a noteworthy 24% and 33% increase in grain yield at 0.2% Fe (foliar) and 15 mg Fe/kg (soil), respectively. Similarly, the straw yield saw a corresponding increase of 39% and 34%, respectively, over control”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil FeSO4 increased straw yield by 34% over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 15 mg Fe/kg (soil)e0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 34%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of Fe through FeSO4 .7H2O led to a noteworthy 24% and 33% increase in grain yield at 0.2% Fe (foliar) and 15 mg Fe/kg (soil), respectively. Similarly, the straw yield saw a corresponding increase of 39% and 34%, respectively, over control”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
FeSO4 application raised Fe content to 1.89 times control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FeSO4e0
- Outcome
- Fe contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.89e0
- Qualifier
- 93 mg/kge0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of FeSO4 and nano Fe2O3 resulted in Fe content registering 1.89 and 1.50 times higher than the control (93 mg/kg)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano Fe2O3 application raised Fe content to 1.50 times control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nano Fe2O3e0
- Outcome
- Fe contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.50e0
- Qualifier
- 93 mg/kge0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of FeSO4 and nano Fe2O3 resulted in Fe content registering 1.89 and 1.50 times higher than the control (93 mg/kg)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower nano Fe2O3 doses did not affect ferrous ion content, DTPA-Fe, or yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- lower doses of nano Fe2O3e0
- Outcome
- ferrous ion content, DTPA-Fe levels, or yielde0
- Direction
- no influencee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower doses of nano Fe2O3 exhibited no influence on ferrous ion content, DTPA-Fe levels, or yield through both foliar and soil applications”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa)”
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See all 202 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.