Abstract
Abstract Potassium (K) deficiency in maize plants damages the nutritional functions of K. However, few studies have investigated the influence of K on C:N:P stoichiometry, the nutritional efficiency of these nutrients, and whether the mitigating effect of Si in plants under stress could act on these nutritional mechanisms involved with C, N, and P to mitigate K deficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of K deficiency in the absence and presence of Si on N and P uptake, C:N:P stoichiometric homeostasis, nutritional efficiency, photosynthetic rate, and dry matter production of maize plants. The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions using a 2 × 2 factorial scheme comprising two K concentrations: potassium deficiency (7.82 mg L −1 ) and potassium sufficiency (234.59 mg L −1 ). These concentrations were combined with the absence (0.0 mg L −1 ) and presence of Si (56.17 mg L −1 ), arranged in randomized blocks with five replicates. Potassium deficiency decreased stoichiometric ratios (C:N and C:P) and the plant’s C, N, and P accumulation. Furthermore, it decreased the use efficiency of these nutrients, net photosynthesis, and biomass of maize plants. The results showed that Si supply stood out in K-deficient maize plants by increasing the C, N, and P accumulation. Moreover, it decreased stoichiometric ratios (C:N, C:P, N:P, C:Si, N:Si, and P:Si) and increased the efficiencies of uptake, translocation, and use of nutrients, net photosynthesis, and dry matter production of maize plants. Therefore, the low nutritional efficiency of C, N, and P caused by K deficiency in maize plants can be alleviated with the supply of 56.17 mg L −1 of Si in the nutrient solution. It changes C:N:P stoichiometry and favors the use efficiency of these nutrients, which enhances the photosynthesis and sustainability of maize.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency decreased maize nutrient use efficiency.
- Treatment
- Potassium deficiencye1
- Outcome
- use efficiency of these nutrientse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- potassium sufficiencye2
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased the use efficiency of these nutrients, net photosynthesis, and biomass of maize plants.”
e1“Potassium deficiency”
e2“potassium sufficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency decreased maize net photosynthesis.
- Treatment
- Potassium deficiencye1
- Outcome
- net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- potassium sufficiencye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased the use efficiency of these nutrients, net photosynthesis, and biomass of maize plants.”
e1“Potassium deficiency”
e2“potassium sufficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency decreased maize biomass.
- Treatment
- Potassium deficiencye1
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- potassium sufficiencye2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased the use efficiency of these nutrients, net photosynthesis, and biomass of maize plants.”
e1“Potassium deficiency”
e2“potassium sufficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased C, N and P accumulation in K-deficient maize.
- Treatment
- Si supplye0
- Outcome
- C, N, and P accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- K-deficient maize plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si supply stood out in K-deficient maize plants by increasing the C, N, and P accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon decreased six stoichiometric ratios in K-deficient maize.
- Treatment
- Si supplye1
- Outcome
- stoichiometric ratios (C:N, C:P, N:P, C:Si, N:Si, and P:Si)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- K-deficient maize plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased stoichiometric ratios (C:N, C:P, N:P, C:Si, N:Si, and P:Si)”
e1“Si supply stood out in K-deficient maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased nutrient uptake, translocation and use efficiencies.
- Treatment
- Si supplye1
- Outcome
- efficiencies of uptake, translocation, and use of nutrientse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- K-deficient maize plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the efficiencies of uptake, translocation, and use of nutrients”
e1“Si supply stood out in K-deficient maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased net photosynthesis in K-deficient maize.
- Treatment
- Si supplye1
- Outcome
- net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- K-deficient maize plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the efficiencies of uptake, translocation, and use of nutrients, net photosynthesis, and dry matter production of maize plants.”
e1“Si supply stood out in K-deficient maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased dry matter production in K-deficient maize.
- Treatment
- Si supplye1
- Outcome
- dry matter productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- K-deficient maize plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the efficiencies of uptake, translocation, and use of nutrients, net photosynthesis, and dry matter production of maize plants.”
e1“Si supply stood out in K-deficient maize plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that 56.17 mg L −1 silicon can alleviate low nutritional efficiency caused by K deficiency.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the low nutritional efficiency of C, N, and P caused by K deficiency in maize plants can be alleviated with the supply of 56.17 mg L −1 of Si in the nutrient solution”
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