Abstract
Abstract Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria enhances nutritional availability during root colonization. Pseudomonas is the most popular bioinoculant due to its synergistic effects on plant development. This study evaluated the impact of four Pseudomonas strain substrate inoculations on tomato phenology, yield, and selected phytochemical components relevant to human health. The bacterial isolates have been characterized morphologically, biochemically, physiologically, and phylogenetically. Tomato plants on cocopeat substrate were inoculated individually with a bacterial suspension (optical density [OD] 600 2.0). Controls included nitrogen–phosphate–potassium (NPK) fertilizer and tap water. The greenhouse experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with five replications. Data were taken 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after inoculation. All four bacterial isolates could fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and potassium and synthesize indole acetic acid in vitro. The 16S rRNA of the strains BF1P2‐6, BF2P1‐2, BF2P5‐1, and BF4P2‐5 were identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22, Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32, Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15, and Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5, respectively. The strains grew best at pH 7, NaCl 0.0%, and 35°C. Inoculated tomato plants tested over a period of 4 months in a greenhouse showed a significant increase in growth, leaf variables, and yield attributes. Pseudomonas ‐inoculated plants were the highest in tannins (46.96 mg/100 g), followed by lycopene (45.57 mg/100 g) and Carotenoids (31.87 mg/100 g). The antioxidant activity of tomato fruit extracts showed the potential for free radicals scavenging activity against 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. Conditions such as pH and electrical conductivity for the cocopeat substrate were within acceptable limits. Bacterial strains and NPK increased cocopeat nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium bioavailability. This study reveals that Pseudomonas strains improve plant growth, yield, and health‐related phytochemical substances in tomato fruits, which could broaden their application in fruit and vegetable crops.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
All four bacterial isolates fixed nitrogen, solubilized phosphate and potassium, and synthesized IAA in vitro.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- bacterial isolatese0symbiont
- Outcome
- fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and potassium and synthesize indole acetic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All four bacterial isolates could fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate, and potassium and synthesize indole acetic acid in vitro.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BF1P2-6 was identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas putida Y22
Pseudomonas putidae0symbiont - Outcome
- identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BF1P2‐6, BF2P1‐2, BF2P5‐1, and BF4P2‐5 were identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22, Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32, Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15, and Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BF2P1-2 was identified as Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB-32.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32Pseudomonas taiwanensise0symbiont
- Outcome
- Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BF1P2‐6, BF2P1‐2, BF2P5‐1, and BF4P2‐5 were identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22, Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32, Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15, and Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BF2P5-1 was identified as Pseudomonas monteilii Bil-NOR3_15.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15Pseudomonas monteiliie0symbiont
- Outcome
- Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BF1P2‐6, BF2P1‐2, BF2P5‐1, and BF4P2‐5 were identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22, Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32, Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15, and Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BF4P2-5 was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0symbiont - Outcome
- Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“BF1P2‐6, BF2P1‐2, BF2P5‐1, and BF4P2‐5 were identified as Pseudomonas putida Y22, Pseudomonas taiwanensis GDLB‐32, Pseudomonas monteilii Bil‐NOR3_15, and Pseudomonas fluorescens Y5, respectively.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The bacterial strains grew best at pH 7, zero NaCl, and 35°C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- strainse0symbiont
- Outcome
- strains grew beste0
- Value
- 35°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strains grew best at pH 7, NaCl 0.0%, and 35°C.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated greenhouse tomato plants showed significantly increased growth, leaf variables, and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Inoculatede0
- Outcome
- growth, leaf variables, and yield attributese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- Controlse1
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculated tomato plants tested over a period of 4 months in a greenhouse showed a significant increase in growth, leaf variables, and yield attributes.”
e1“Controls included nitrogen–phosphate–potassium (NPK) fertilizer and tap water.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated tomato plants had tannin content of 46.96 mg/100 g.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- tanninse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 46.96 mg/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas ‐inoculated plants were the highest in tannins (46.96 mg/100 g)”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated tomato plants had lycopene content of 45.57 mg/100 g.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- lycopenee0
- Value
- 45.57 mg/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by lycopene (45.57 mg/100 g)”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated tomato plants had carotenoid content of 31.87 mg/100 g.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Carotenoidse0
- Value
- 31.87 mg/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and Carotenoids (31.87 mg/100 g).”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit extracts showed potential free-radical scavenging activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- free radicals scavenging activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The antioxidant activity of tomato fruit extracts showed the potential for free radicals scavenging activity against 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cocopeat pH and electrical conductivity were within acceptable limits.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- pH and electrical conductivity for the cocopeat substratee0
- Direction
- within acceptable limitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conditions such as pH and electrical conductivity for the cocopeat substrate were within acceptable limits.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial strains and NPK increased nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium bioavailability in cocopeat.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Bacterial strains and NPKe0
- Outcome
- cocopeat nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium bioavailabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- tap watere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bacterial strains and NPK increased cocopeat nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium bioavailability.”
t0“tomato”
e1“Controls included nitrogen–phosphate–potassium (NPK) fertilizer and tap water.”
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