Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a major contaminant among heavy metals in the soil environment that has negative impacts on the growth of plants, which ultimately cause health risk via entering into the food chain. In this regard, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) might improve plant growth by counteracting the harmful effects of Pb stress. Therefore, the present pot study was conducted to evaluate the role of PGPR in improving the growth of cowpea in Pb-contaminated soil. Three different concentrations of Pb (250, 350, and 750 mg kg−1) were applied alone (control) and in combination with bacterial inoculums [S1 (Pseudomonas fluorescens), S2 (Pseudomonas stutzeri) and S3 (Pseudomonas gessardii)] using completely randomized design each with three replicates. Results showed that plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll contents of cowpea plants were improved significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by applying bacterial isolates as compared to the un-inoculated contaminated control. Among bacterial isolates, S3 performed better as compared to other bacterial isolates. The maximum increase in plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll content was observed under S3 bacterial strain. Bacterial inoculation also enhanced the Pb concentration in the plant and the maximum uptake was recorded under S3 bacterial strain at 750 mg kg−1. Consequently, it has been concluded that PGPR has the great potential to enhance the plant growth and physiological characteristics of cowpea in Pb-contaminated sites and can also be used for bioremediation purposes.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial isolates significantly increased cowpea fresh and dry weight and shoot and root length relative to uninoculated lead-contaminated controls.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- applying bacterial isolatese0
- Outcome
- plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated contaminated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll contents of cowpea plants were improved significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by applying bacterial isolates as compared to the un-inoculated contaminated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial isolates significantly improved cowpea chlorophyll content relative to uninoculated contaminated controls.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- applying bacterial isolatese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contentse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated contaminated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“chlorophyll contents of cowpea plants were improved significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by applying bacterial isolates as compared to the un-inoculated contaminated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas gessardii performed better than the other bacterial isolates.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas gessardii
Pseudomonas gessardiie1symbiont - Outcome
- performed bettere0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- other bacterial isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“S3 performed better as compared to other bacterial isolates”
e1“S3 (Pseudomonas gessardii)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas gessardii produced the largest increase in cowpea fresh and dry weight and shoot and root length.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- S3 bacterial straine0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas gessardiiPseudomonas gessardiie1symbiont
- Outcome
- plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root lengthe0
- Direction
- maximum increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“The maximum increase in plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll content was observed under S3 bacterial strain”
e1“S3 (Pseudomonas gessardii)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas gessardii produced the largest increase in cowpea chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- S3 bacterial straine0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas gessardiiPseudomonas gessardiie1symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- maximum increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“The maximum increase in plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll content was observed under S3 bacterial strain”
e1“S3 (Pseudomonas gessardii)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial inoculation increased plant lead concentration, with maximum uptake under Pseudomonas gessardii at 750 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Bacterial inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas gessardiiPseudomonas gessardiie1symbiont
- Outcome
- Pb concentration in the plante0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 750 mg kg−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“Bacterial inoculation also enhanced the Pb concentration in the plant and the maximum uptake was recorded under S3 bacterial strain at 750 mg kg−1”
e1“S3 (Pseudomonas gessardii)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose PGPR for cowpea growth improvement and bioremediation in lead-contaminated sites.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Outcome
- can also be used for bioremediation purposese0
- Qualifier
- Pb-contaminated sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“PGPR has the great potential to enhance the plant growth and physiological characteristics of cowpea in Pb-contaminated sites and can also be used for bioremediation purposes”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · physiology: pigments · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →inoculation · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
91 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
98 papers more in this group
See all 102 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.