Abstract
The development of virus-free, oral vaccines against poliovirus capable of inducing mucosal protective immunity is needed to safely combat this pathogen. In the present study, a carrot cell line expressing the poliovirus VP2 antigen was established at the level of callus and cell suspensions, exploring the effects of culture media (MS and B5), supplementation with urea, phytoregulators (2,4-D : KIN), and light conditions (continuous light, photoperiod, and total darkness). The best callus growth was obtained on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D + 2 mg/L kinetin and 0.0136 g/L of urea and in continuous light conditions. Suspension cultures of the SMC-1 line in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks had a maximum growth of 16.07 ± 0.03 g/L DW on day 12 with a growth rate of µ=0.3/d and a doubling time of 2.3 days. In a 2 L airlift bioreactor, the biomass yield achieved was 25.6 ± 0.05 g/L DW at day 10 with a growth rate of µ= 0.58/d and doubling time of 1.38 d. Cell growth was 1.5 times higher in bioreactors than in shake flasks, highlighting that both systems resulted in the accumulation of VP2 throughout the time in culture. The maximum VP2 yield in flasks was 387.8 µg/g DW at day 21, while in the reactor it was 550.2 µg/g DW at day 18. In conclusion, bioreactor-based production of the VP2 protein by the SMC-1 suspension cell line offers a higher productivity when compared to flask cultures, offering a key perspective to produce low-cost vaccines against poliomyelitis.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The SMC-1 carrot cell line expressing poliovirus VP2 was established as callus and suspensions.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Material
- SMC-1t0
- Gene
- poliovirus VP2e0
- Outcome
- established at the level of callus and cell suspensionse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a carrot cell line expressing the poliovirus VP2 antigen was established at the level of callus and cell suspensions”
t0“SMC-1 Cell Suspension Line”
Claim · model-written summary
Best callus growth occurred on supplemented B5 medium under continuous light.
- Taxon
- carotat0
- Treatment
- B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D + 2 mg/L kinetin and 0.0136 g/L of urea and in continuous light conditionse0
- Outcome
- callus growthe0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The best callus growth was obtained on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D + 2 mg/L kinetin and 0.0136 g/L of urea and in continuous light conditions”
t0“carota”
Claim · model-written summary
SMC-1 flasks reached a maximum biomass of 16.07 ± 0.03 g/L DW on day 12.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Material
- SMC-1e0
- Outcome
- maximum growthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 16.07 ± 0.03 g/L DWe0
- Qualifier
- day 12e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Suspension cultures of the SMC-1 line in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks had a maximum growth of 16.07 ± 0.03 g/L DW on day 12”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
SMC-1 flasks had a growth rate of µ=0.3/d.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- growth ratee0
- Value
- µ=0.3/de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a growth rate of µ=0.3/d and a doubling time of 2.3 days”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
SMC-1 flasks had a doubling time of 2.3 days.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- doubling timee0
- Value
- 2.3 dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a growth rate of µ=0.3/d and a doubling time of 2.3 days”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
The bioreactor achieved 25.6 ± 0.05 g/L DW biomass on day 10.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- biomass yielde0
- Value
- 25.6 ± 0.05 g/L DWe0
- Qualifier
- day 10e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In a 2 L airlift bioreactor, the biomass yield achieved was 25.6 ± 0.05 g/L DW at day 10”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
The bioreactor had a growth rate of µ= 0.58/d.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- growth ratee0
- Value
- µ= 0.58/de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a growth rate of µ= 0.58/d and doubling time of 1.38 d”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
The bioreactor had a doubling time of 1.38 d.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- doubling timee0
- Value
- 1.38 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a growth rate of µ= 0.58/d and doubling time of 1.38 d”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
Carrot cell growth was 1.5 times higher in bioreactors than shake flasks.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- bioreactorse0
- Outcome
- Cell growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.5 timese0
- Comparator
- shake flaskse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cell growth was 1.5 times higher in bioreactors than in shake flasks”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
VP2 accumulated throughout culture in both flasks and bioreactors.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Gene
- VP2e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of VP2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both systems resulted in the accumulation of VP2 throughout the time in culture”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum VP2 yield in flasks was 387.8 µg/g DW at day 21.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Gene
- VP2e0
- Outcome
- VP2 yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 387.8 µg/g DWe0
- Qualifier
- day 21e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum VP2 yield in flasks was 387.8 µg/g DW at day 21”
t0“Daucus carota”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum VP2 yield in the reactor was 550.2 µg/g DW at day 18.
- Taxon
- Daucus carotaDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Value
- 550.2 µg/g DWe0
- Qualifier
- day 18e0
Not reportedGene
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while in the reactor it was 550.2 µg/g DW at day 18”
t0“Daucus carota”
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See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.