Abstract
The development of a highly efficient tissue culture system for indica rice is crucial to speed up the implementation of gene editing in breeding programmes as well as to explore the roles of indica genes. However, because indica rice types are recalcitrant to in vitro response, there are only a few reports on the successful transformation process on indica rice due to recalcitrant response to in vitro response. The present study attempted to identify the effects of plant growth regulator (PGR), carbon sources and different concentrations of gelling agent on embryogenic callus induction and rice regeneration of Oryza sativa var MR219. The PGR used were 1 or 2 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and the carbon sources were 30 g/L sucrose and maltose. Three different gelling agent concentrations (3 mg/L, 6 mg/L or 9 mg/L) were evaluated. The highest frequency of friable callus induction (87%) was observed in callus induction media (CI) containing Murashige and Skoong media (MS) supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.3 mg/L kinetin. Histological studies of the calli showed the presence of embryogenic calli with small intercellular spaces compared to non-embryogenic areas which developed on the hormone MS media. The highest regeneration frequency (50%) was achieved when friable calli were cultured on MS medium containing 3% sucrose, 1 mg/L BAP, and 1 mg/L NAA with 9% phytagel. The callus grown on sucrose media showed the highest number (66.13%) of albino plantlets, while the number of albino plantlets on maltose media was smaller (20%). In conclusion, this optimised mature embryo-derived callus of MR219 rice is responsive to regeneration and could be amenable to genetic transformation studies.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The highest friable callus induction frequency was 87% on MS medium with 2,4-D and kinetin.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- MR219t0
- Treatment
- 3 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.3 mg/L kinetine0
- Outcome
- frequency of friable callus inductione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 87%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest frequency of friable callus induction (87%) was observed in callus induction media (CI) containing Murashige and Skoong media (MS) supplemented with 3 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.3 mg/L kinetin.”
t0“Malaysian rice MR219 (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Embryogenic callus had small intercellular spaces compared with non-embryogenic areas.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- MR219t0
- Outcome
- small intercellular spacese0
- Comparator
- non-embryogenic arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“embryogenic calli with small intercellular spaces compared to non-embryogenic areas”
t0“Malaysian rice MR219 (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest regeneration frequency, 50%, occurred on MS medium with sucrose, BAP, NAA and phytagel.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- MR219t0
- Treatment
- MS medium containing 3% sucrose, 1 mg/L BAP, and 1 mg/L NAA with 9% phytagele0
- Outcome
- regeneration frequencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest regeneration frequency (50%) was achieved when friable calli were cultured on MS medium containing 3% sucrose, 1 mg/L BAP, and 1 mg/L NAA with 9% phytagel.”
t0“Malaysian rice MR219 (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose medium produced 66.13% albino plantlets, higher than maltose medium.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- MR219t0
- Treatment
- sucrose mediae0
- Outcome
- albino plantletse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 66.13%e0
- Comparator
- maltose mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The callus grown on sucrose media showed the highest number (66.13%) of albino plantlets, while the number of albino plantlets on maltose media was smaller (20%).”
t0“Malaysian rice MR219 (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maltose medium produced 20% albino plantlets, fewer than sucrose medium.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- MR219t0
- Treatment
- maltose mediae0
- Outcome
- albino plantletse0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- sucrose mediae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The callus grown on sucrose media showed the highest number (66.13%) of albino plantlets, while the number of albino plantlets on maltose media was smaller (20%).”
t0“Malaysian rice MR219 (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimized mature embryo-derived MR219 callus was responsive to regeneration.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Material
- MR219e0
- Organ / stage
- mature embryo-derived calluse0
- Outcome
- responsive to regeneratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this optimised mature embryo-derived callus of MR219 rice is responsive to regeneration”
t0“Malaysian rice MR219 (Oryza sativa L.)”
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