Abstract
The production of olive mill solid waste (OMSW) raises concerns due to its toxicity and negative environmental impact. However, by utilizing pyrolysis, OMSW can be converted into biochar, a carbon-rich material that detoxifies the waste and preserves its nutrient content. The OMSW-based biochar possesses alkaline properties (pH 9.6), low electrical conductivity (EC), high cation exchange capacity (CEC), a porous surface morphology, various surface functional groups, and high mineral content. This study assessed the influence of two concentrations (5% and 10%) of OMSW-based biochar on wheat plants' growth biomarkers and physiological characteristics subjected to salt stress conditions (150 mM NaCl). Findings of the study revealed that salt stress had deleterious effects on various parameters, including shoot height, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, relative water content (RWC%), membrane stability index (MSI%), photosynthetic pigments, and photosynthetic parameters such as the coefficient of the effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion of PSII (ØPSII), photochemical quenching (qP), and photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fo, Fm, Fv/Fo, and Fv/Fm). Furthermore, the levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities significantly increased in stressed plants. On the other hand, applying both concentrations of OMSW-based biochar effectively improved the overall performance of wheat plants, irrespective of the presence of salinity. OMSW-based biochar is a promising strategy for promoting wheat growth in salt-stressed soil by improving various growth parameters and mitigating plant oxidative stress.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress harmed wheat shoot height and shoot and root fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- shoot height, fresh and dry weights of shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- deleterious effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“salt stress had deleterious effects on various parameters, including shoot height, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress harmed wheat relative water content, membrane stability index and photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC%), membrane stability index (MSI%), photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- deleterious effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“salt stress had deleterious effects on various parameters, including shoot height, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, relative water content (RWC%), membrane stability index (MSI%), photosynthetic pigments”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress harmed wheat PSII quantum yield, photochemical quenching and photochemical efficiency.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- coefficient of the effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion of PSII (ØPSII), photochemical quenching (qP), and photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fo, Fm, Fv/Fo, and Fv/Fm)e0
- Direction
- deleterious effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“salt stress had deleterious effects on various parameters, including shoot height, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, relative water content (RWC%), membrane stability index (MSI%), photosynthetic pigments, and photosynthetic parameters such as the coefficient of the effective quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion of PSII (ØPSII), photochemical quenching (qP), and photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fo, Fm, Fv/Fo, and Fv/Fm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased wheat lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stressed plantse0
- Outcome
- levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities significantly increased in stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased wheat superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stressed plantse0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities significantly increased in stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar at both concentrations improved overall wheat performance with and without salinity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- both concentrations of OMSW-based biochare0
- Outcome
- overall performance of wheat plantse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- irrespective of the presence of salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“applying both concentrations of OMSW-based biochar effectively improved the overall performance of wheat plants, irrespective of the presence of salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose olive mill waste biochar to promote wheat growth in salt-stressed soil and reduce oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- OMSW-based biochare0
- Outcome
- promoting wheat growth in salt-stressed soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“wheat”
e0“OMSW-based biochar is a promising strategy for promoting wheat growth in salt-stressed soil by improving various growth parameters and mitigating plant oxidative stress”
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