Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of different rates of topical fertilizers on the background of superabsorbent polymers (absorbents; SAP) on plant growth, pigments content in leaves and activity of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and soil, yield and nutritional value of products. For this purpose, an absorbent at the rate of 15 kg ha–1 and fertilizers were applied, spread on the soil surface 100% (control), and locally in the furrows when planting at the rate of 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the recommended rate were applied. The results showed that the use of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) and the local application of fertilizers with increasing their rate, a significant increase in chlorophyll b and the number of chlorophylls. However, the use of SAP reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaf (superoxide dismutase by 9.5–23.2%; glutathione S-transferase by 7.4–13.4%; peroxidase by 8.4–19.0%). The bulb’s weight with the absorbent increased by 31.2–45.4% compared to similar options without the introduction of absorbent. The local fertilizer without absorbent increased garlic yield by 3.5–13.9% relative to control. With the introduction of the absorbent, the local application of fertilizers contributed to the increase of yield by 4.2–25.4%. The application of fertilizers at the rate of 50 and 75% separately and together with the absorbent contributed to the improvement of nutritional value (dry matter, ash, proteins and carbohydrates, fat and caloric content of products). In conclusion, the combination of SAP with local fertilization in crop production technology can be used in today's dynamic climate conditions, due to their beneficial effects on plant productivity and savings and efficient use of water and fertilizers. Further research consists of a more detailed study of the rate of application of absorbents, the duration of their effective action, and the rate and ratio of nutrients.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
SAP with increasing rates of local fertilizer significantly increased chlorophyll b and total chlorophylls.
- Taxon
- garlic
Allium sativumt0 - Treatment
- superabsorbent polymers (SAP) and the local application of fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll b and the number of chlorophyllse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of superabsorbent polymers (SAP) and the local application of fertilizers with increasing their rate, a significant increase in chlorophyll b and the number of chlorophylls”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
SAP reduced leaf superoxide dismutase activity by 9.5–23.2%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- SAPe0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutasee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 9.5–23.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of SAP reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaf (superoxide dismutase by 9.5–23.2%; glutathione S-transferase by 7.4–13.4%; peroxidase by 8.4–19.0%)”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
SAP reduced leaf glutathione S-transferase activity by 7.4–13.4%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- SAPe0
- Outcome
- glutathione S-transferasee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 7.4–13.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of SAP reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaf (superoxide dismutase by 9.5–23.2%; glutathione S-transferase by 7.4–13.4%; peroxidase by 8.4–19.0%)”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
SAP reduced leaf peroxidase activity by 8.4–19.0%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- SAPe0
- Outcome
- peroxidasee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 8.4–19.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of SAP reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaf (superoxide dismutase by 9.5–23.2%; glutathione S-transferase by 7.4–13.4%; peroxidase by 8.4–19.0%)”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Absorbent increased bulb weight by 31.2–45.4% versus similar treatments without absorbent.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- absorbente0
- Outcome
- bulb’s weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 31.2–45.4%e0
- Comparator
- similar options without the introduction of absorbente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bulb’s weight with the absorbent increased by 31.2–45.4% compared to similar options without the introduction of absorbent”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Local fertilizer without absorbent increased garlic yield by 3.5–13.9% relative to control.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Treatment
- local fertilizer without absorbente0
- Outcome
- garlic yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.5–13.9%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The local fertilizer without absorbent increased garlic yield by 3.5–13.9% relative to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Local fertilizer with absorbent increased garlic yield by 4.2–25.4%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- the absorbent, the local application of fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 4.2–25.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the introduction of the absorbent, the local application of fertilizers contributed to the increase of yield by 4.2–25.4%”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer rates of 50 and 75%, alone or with absorbent, improved garlic nutritional value.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Treatment
- fertilizers at the rate of 50 and 75% separately and together with the absorbente0
- Outcome
- nutritional valuee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Qualifier
- dry matter, ash, proteins and carbohydrates, fat and caloric content of productse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of fertilizers at the rate of 50 and 75% separately and together with the absorbent contributed to the improvement of nutritional value (dry matter, ash, proteins and carbohydrates, fat and caloric content of products)”
t0“garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combining SAP with local fertilization for productivity and efficient water and fertilizer use.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- the combination of SAP with local fertilization in crop production technology can be used in today's dynamic climate conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of SAP with local fertilization in crop production technology can be used in today's dynamic climate conditions, due to their beneficial effects on plant productivity and savings and efficient use of water and fertilizers”
t0“garlic”
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.