Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) regulates many critical processes of plants and their responses to abiotic stresses such as heavy metals. In the present study, the effect of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) as an H2S donor (0, and 50μM) was investigated in soybean plants under Cd stress (0, and 50μM). These experiments were done according to a factorial design based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Cd exposure reduced growth parameters and relative water content. Cd also caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigment, an increase in ion leakage and oxidative stress as indicated by lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production. These results demonstrated the toxicity of the applied Cd concentrations on soybean plants. However, foliar application of NaHS improved the shoot length and fresh weight on Cd-stressed plants. NaHS also alleviated the toxic effects of Cd on ion leakage, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments of leaves. The activity of glutathione reductase and the expression of genes to the family of glutathione synthetase including glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic-like (LOC102663288) (GS288), glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic (LOC100778473) (GS473) and homoglutathione synthetase (Gene ID: 547989) (HGS), were observed to be upregulated under the influence of NaHS treatment. However, the expression of glutathione synthetase, and chloroplastic-like glutathione synthetase (LOC100813419) (GS419)) were reduced by NaHS in Cd-stressed plants. These results confirm the regulatory effect of NaHS application on physiological parameters and glutathione metabolism at molecular levels on soybean plants.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure reduced soybean growth parameters.
- Taxon
- soybean plants
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Cd exposuree0
- Outcome
- growth parameterse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd exposure reduced growth parameters and relative water content.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure reduced soybean relative water content.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cd exposuree0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd exposure reduced growth parameters and relative water content.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure reduction soybean photosynthetic pigment.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmente0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd also caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigment, an increase in ion leakage and oxidative stress”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure increase soybean ion leakage.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- ion leakagee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd also caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigment, an increase in ion leakage and oxidative stress”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure oxidative stress soybean lipid peroxidation.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- oxidative stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd also caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigment, an increase in ion leakage and oxidative stress as indicated by lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure oxidative stress soybean H2O2 production.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- H2O2 productione0
- Direction
- oxidative stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd also caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigment, an increase in ion leakage and oxidative stress as indicated by lipid peroxidation and H2O2 production.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NaHS improved shoot length in Cd-stressed soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of NaHSe0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of NaHS improved the shoot length and fresh weight on Cd-stressed plants.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NaHS improved fresh weight in Cd-stressed soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of NaHSe0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of NaHS improved the shoot length and fresh weight on Cd-stressed plants.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NaHS improved ion leakage in Cd-stressed soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Outcome
- ion leakagee0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaHS also alleviated the toxic effects of Cd on ion leakage, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments of leaves.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NaHS improved relative water content in Cd-stressed soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Outcome
- relative water contente0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaHS also alleviated the toxic effects of Cd on ion leakage, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments of leaves.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NaHS improved photosynthetic pigments in Cd-stressed soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaHS also alleviated the toxic effects of Cd on ion leakage, relative water content, and photosynthetic pigments of leaves.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS upregulated glutathione reductase activity.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHS treatmente0
- Gene
- glutathione reductasee0
- Outcome
- activity of glutathione reductasee0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of glutathione reductase and the expression of genes to the family of glutathione synthetase including glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic-like (LOC102663288) (GS288), glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic (LOC100778473) (GS473) and homoglutathione synthetase (Gene ID: 547989) (HGS), were observed to be upregulated under the influence of NaHS treatment.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS upregulated expression of GS288.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHS treatmente0
- Gene
- GS288e0
- Outcome
- expression of genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of glutathione reductase and the expression of genes to the family of glutathione synthetase including glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic-like (LOC102663288) (GS288), glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic (LOC100778473) (GS473) and homoglutathione synthetase (Gene ID: 547989) (HGS), were observed to be upregulated under the influence of NaHS treatment.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS upregulated expression of GS473.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHS treatmente0
- Gene
- GS473e0
- Outcome
- expression of genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of glutathione reductase and the expression of genes to the family of glutathione synthetase including glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic-like (LOC102663288) (GS288), glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic (LOC100778473) (GS473) and homoglutathione synthetase (Gene ID: 547989) (HGS), were observed to be upregulated under the influence of NaHS treatment.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS upregulated expression of HGS.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHS treatmente0
- Gene
- HGSe0
- Outcome
- expression of genese0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The activity of glutathione reductase and the expression of genes to the family of glutathione synthetase including glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic-like (LOC102663288) (GS288), glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic (LOC100778473) (GS473) and homoglutathione synthetase (Gene ID: 547989) (HGS), were observed to be upregulated under the influence of NaHS treatment.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS reduced expression of glutathione synthetase in Cd-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Gene
- glutathione synthetasee0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of glutathione synthetase, and chloroplastic-like glutathione synthetase (LOC100813419) (GS419)) were reduced by NaHS in Cd-stressed plants.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS reduced expression of chloroplastic-like glutathione synthetase (LOC100813419) (GS419) in Cd-stressed plants.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaHSe0
- Gene
- chloroplastic-like glutathione synthetase (LOC100813419) (GS419)e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of glutathione synthetase, and chloroplastic-like glutathione synthetase (LOC100813419) (GS419)) were reduced by NaHS in Cd-stressed plants.”
t0“soybean plants”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.