Abstract
Abstract The main challenge to plant productivity is water scarcity, which is predicted to get worse with climate change, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. Humic acid could improve plant tolerance to mitigate drought damage, which is an effective strategy to improve crop production and agriculture sustainability under limited water conditions in these regions, but its effective application rates should also be established. Thus, two field experiments were carried out at the Qaha Vegetable Research Farm in Qalubia Governorate, Egypt, during the two seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22 on clay soil. The present study investigated the effect of three rates of humic acid application (0, 4.8, and 9.6 kg ha -1 ) on growth, yield, and quality of broccoli cv. Montop F1 hybrid under well-watered and drought conditions. Drought was induced by missing alternate irrigation. Soluble humic acid as potassium-humate was applied three times with irrigation water at the time of the first three irrigations of drought treatment. Water-stressed plants had a decrease in growth, yield, leaf chlorophyll, and nutrient content, while they showed an increase in the contents of leaf proline and curd dry matter and total soluble solids as well as water use efficiency, in both seasons. Soil application of humic acid was effective in mitigating the adverse effects of water deficit stress on the growth and yield of broccoli. Water-stressed plants had the highest WUE value (9.32 and 9.36 kg m 3−1 in the first and second seasons, respectively) when the maximal humic acid rate was applied. Humic acid at a high level (9.6 kg ha −1 ) had the most promising results and represents an opportunity that must be applied to improve broccoli yield and its production sustainability in arid and semiarid regions.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress decreased broccoli growth, yield, leaf chlorophyll and nutrient content.
- Taxon
- broccoli
Brassica oleracea var. italicat0 - Treatment
- Water-stressede0
- Outcome
- growth, yield, leaf chlorophyll, and nutrient contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water-stressed plants had a decrease in growth, yield, leaf chlorophyll, and nutrient content”
t0“Mitigation of water stress in broccoli by soil application of humic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress increased leaf proline and curd dry matter, total soluble solids and water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- Water-stressede1
- Outcome
- contents of leaf proline and curd dry matter and total soluble solids as well as water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they showed an increase in the contents of leaf proline and curd dry matter and total soluble solids as well as water use efficiency”
t0“Mitigation of water stress in broccoli by soil application of humic acid”
e1“Water-stressed plants had a decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil humic acid mitigated water deficit effects on broccoli growth and yield.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- Soil application of humic acide0
- Outcome
- growth and yield of broccolie0
- Direction
- mitigatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil application of humic acid was effective in mitigating the adverse effects of water deficit stress on the growth and yield of broccoli”
Claim · model-written summary
At the maximal humic acid rate, water-stressed plants attained WUE of 9.32 and 9.36 kg m 3−1 in successive seasons.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicat0
- Treatment
- maximal humic acid ratee0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 9.32 and 9.36 kg m 3−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Water-stressed plants had the highest WUE value (9.32 and 9.36 kg m 3−1 in the first and second seasons, respectively) when the maximal humic acid rate was applied”
t0“Mitigation of water stress in broccoli by soil application of humic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 9.6 kg ha −1 humic acid for broccoli yield and production sustainability.
- Taxon
- broccoliBrassica oleracea var. italicae0
- Treatment
- 9.6 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- improve broccoli yield and its production sustainabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Humic acid at a high level (9.6 kg ha −1 ) had the most promising results and represents an opportunity that must be applied to improve broccoli yield and its production sustainability in arid and semiarid regions”
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