Abstract
During the growing season of 2022, the experiment was conducted in one of the private orchards located in Hassan ava village, Zakho district, Dohuk governorate, Kurdistan region, Iraq, to study the response of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity to biofertilizer (bio health) and foliar spray of the amino acid (tecamin max) and Boron. Olive trees were planted 6 x 6 m apart on clay sandy loam soil and fed with well water using a drip irrigation system. Olive trees were treated with three levels of biofertilizer (bio health) at (0, 1,0 and 15 g.L-1), added to the soil, and three levels of the foliar spray with amino acid (tecamin max) at (0, 10, 15 ml.L-1), and three levels (0, 200 and 300 mg. L-1) of boron foliar spray. A factorial experiment with three replications was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), using one tree for each experimental unit. The study reached the following results: application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1, and foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1 led to a significant increase in all studied characters (leaves mineral content N, P, K, and B%) and physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and total yield per tree) except pulp: stone ratio, while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1, led to a significant increase in all the studied characteristics (leaves mineral content N, K, and B%) and physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, and total yield per tree) except pulp: stone ratio and phosphorus content in leaves, while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. There was also a significant increase in the binary and triple interactions of the study treatments on all the studied traits, especially the high levels of the study factors (15 g.L-1 bio-health, 15 ml.L-1 tecamin max, and 300 mg. L-1 boron).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of biofertilizer (bio health), especially at 15 g/L, significantly increased leaf mineral content (N, P, K and B%) of olive cv. Zaity relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Olive Trees
Olea europaeat0 - Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1e0
- Outcome
- leaves mineral content N, P, K, and B%e1
- Direction
- significant increasee1
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1”
e1“led to a significant increase in all studied characters (leaves mineral content N, P, K, and B%)”
e2“while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of biofertilizer (bio health), especially at 15 g/L, significantly increased fruit weight, length and width of olive relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit weight, fruit length, fruit widthe1
- Direction
- significant increasee3
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1”
e1“physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and total yield per tree)”
e2“while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
e3“led to a significant increase in all studied characters”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of biofertilizer (bio health), especially at 15 g/L, significantly increased total yield per tree of olive relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1e0
- Outcome
- total yield per treee1
- Direction
- significant increasee3
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“application of biofertilizer (bio health) in the soil, especially at 15 g.L-1”
e1“physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and total yield per tree)”
e2“while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
e3“led to a significant increase in all studied characters”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of the amino acid tecamin max at 15 ml/L significantly increased leaf mineral content (N, P, K and B%) of olive relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1e0
- Outcome
- leaves mineral content N, P, K, and B%e1
- Direction
- significant increasee1
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1”
e1“led to a significant increase in all studied characters (leaves mineral content N, P, K, and B%)”
e2“while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of tecamin max at 15 ml/L significantly increased fruit weight, length and width of olive relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit weight, fruit length, fruit widthe1
- Direction
- significant increasee3
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1”
e1“physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and total yield per tree)”
e2“while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
e3“led to a significant increase in all studied characters”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying of tecamin max at 15 ml/L significantly increased total yield per tree of olive relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1e0
- Outcome
- total yield per treee1
- Direction
- significant increasee3
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“foliar spraying of the amino acid (tecamin max) at 15 ml.L-1”
e1“physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and total yield per tree)”
e2“while the control treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
e3“led to a significant increase in all studied characters”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar boron spray, especially at 300 mg/L, significantly increased leaf mineral content (N, K and B%) of olive relative to the comparison treatment.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1e0
- Outcome
- leaves mineral content N, K, and B%e1
- Direction
- significant increasee1
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1”
e1“led to a significant increase in all the studied characteristics (leaves mineral content N, K, and B%)”
e2“while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar boron spray, especially at 300 mg/L, significantly increased fruit weight, length and width of olive relative to the comparison treatment.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1e0
- Outcome
- fruit weight, fruit length, fruit widthe1
- Direction
- significant increasee3
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1”
e1“physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, and total yield per tree)”
e2“while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
e3“led to a significant increase in all the studied characteristics”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar boron spray, especially at 300 mg/L, significantly increased total yield per tree of olive relative to the comparison treatment.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1e0
- Outcome
- total yield per treee1
- Direction
- significant increasee3
- Comparator
- comparison treatmente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“Foliar spray of boron especially the level of 300 mg. L-1”
e1“physical characters of fruit (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, and total yield per tree)”
e2“while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits”
e3“led to a significant increase in all the studied characteristics”
Claim · model-written summary
Binary and triple interactions of biofertilizer, tecamin max and boron significantly increased all studied traits of olive, especially at the highest levels of the factors.
- Taxon
- Olive TreesOlea europaeat0
- Material
- Zaityt0
- Treatment
- binary and triple interactions of the study treatmentse0
- Outcome
- all the studied traitse0
- Direction
- significant increasee0
- Qualifier
- high levels of the study factorse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Olive Trees (Olea europaea L.) cv. Zaity”
e0“significant increase in the binary and triple interactions of the study treatments on all the studied traits”
e1“especially the high levels of the study factors (15 g.L-1 bio-health, 15 ml.L-1 tecamin max, and 300 mg. L-1 boron)”
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