Abstract
Compared to conventional irrigation and fertilization, the Water-fertilizer coupling can significantly enhance the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing yield. Targeting the challenges of poor crop growth, low yield, and inefficient water and fertilizer utilization in the arid region of northwest China under conventional irrigation and fertilization practices. Therefore, a two-year on-farm experiment in 2022 and 2023 was conducted to study the effects of water-fertilizer coupling regulation on pumpkin growth, yield, water consumption (ET), and water and fertilizer use efficiency. Simultaneously the comprehensive evaluation of multiple objectives was carried out using principal component analysis (PCA) methods, so as to propose an suitable water-fertilizer coupling regulation scheme for the region. The experiment was set up as a two-factor trial using water-fertilizer integration technology under three irrigation volume (W1 = 37.5 mm, W2 = 45.5 mm, W3 = 52.5mm) and three organic fertilizer application amounts (F1 = 3900-300 kg ha -1 , F2 = 4800-450 kg·ha -1 , F3 = 5700-600 kg·ha -1 ), with the traditional irrigation and fertilization scheme from local farmers as control treatments (CK). The results indicated that irrigation volume and organic fertilizer application significantly affected pumpkin growth, yield, and water and fertilizer use efficiency (P<0.05). Pumpkin yield increased with increasing irrigation volume. Increasing organic fertilizer levels within a certain range benefited pumpkin plant growth, dry matter accumulation, and yield, however, excessive application beyond a certain level had inhibited effects on those. The increased fertilizer application under the same irrigation volume enhanced the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization. However excessive irrigation only resulted in inefficient water consumption, reducing the water and fertilizer use efficiency. The Comprehensive evaluation by PCA revealed that the F2W3 treatment outperformed all the others, effectively addressing the triple objectives of increasing production, improving efficiency, and promoting green production. Therefore, F2W3 (Irrigation volume: 52.5 mm; Fertilizer application amounts: 4800-450 kg/ha -1 ) as a water and fertilizer management scheme for efficient pumpkin production in the arid region of northwest China.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation volume and organic fertilizer application significantly affected pumpkin growth, yield, and water and fertilizer use efficiency.
- Taxon
- pumpkine0
- Treatment
- irrigation volume and organic fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth, yield, and water and fertilizer use efficiencye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“irrigation volume and organic fertilizer application significantly affected pumpkin growth, yield, and water and fertilizer use efficiency (P<0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pumpkin yield increased with increasing irrigation volume.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pumpkin yield increased with increasing irrigation volume”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing organic fertilizer levels within a certain range benefited pumpkin growth, dry matter accumulation and yield.
- Taxon
- pumpkine0
- Treatment
- Increasing organic fertilizer levelse0
- Outcome
- plant growth, dry matter accumulation, and yielde0
- Direction
- benefitede0
- Qualifier
- within a certain rangee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increasing organic fertilizer levels within a certain range benefited pumpkin plant growth, dry matter accumulation, and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive organic fertilizer application beyond a certain level inhibited pumpkin growth, dry matter accumulation and yield.
- Taxon
- pumpkine0
- Treatment
- excessive application beyond a certain levele0
- Outcome
- growth, dry matter accumulation, and yielde0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Increasing organic fertilizer levels within a certain range benefited pumpkin plant growth, dry matter accumulation, and yield, however, excessive application beyond a certain level had inhibited effects on those”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased fertilizer application under the same irrigation volume enhanced water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of pumpkin.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- increased fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- efficiency of water and fertilizer utilizatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- under the same irrigation volumee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The increased fertilizer application under the same irrigation volume enhanced the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive irrigation only resulted in inefficient water consumption and reduced water and fertilizer use efficiency of pumpkin.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- excessive irrigatione0
- Outcome
- the water and fertilizer use efficiencye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“excessive irrigation only resulted in inefficient water consumption, reducing the water and fertilizer use efficiency”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
In the PCA comprehensive evaluation, the F2W3 treatment outperformed all the other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The Comprehensive evaluation by PCA revealed that the F2W3 treatment outperformed all the others”
t0“pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
F2W3 (irrigation 52.5 mm; fertilizer 4800-450 kg/ha) is recommended as the water and fertilizer management scheme for efficient pumpkin production in arid northwest China.
Verbatim
e0“as a water and fertilizer management scheme for efficient pumpkin production in the arid region of northwest China”
e1“F2W3 (Irrigation volume: 52.5 mm; Fertilizer application amounts: 4800-450 kg/ha -1 )”
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