Abstract
Increasing pressures on land resources requires increased land use efficiency. Over 900 million ha of sandy soils throughout the world are extensively used for agricultural crop production, most requiring nutrient inputs. Although use of humic substances together with inorganic fertilizer as soil amendments has been introduced, their synergistic effects on plant growth in sandy soils are not well addressed. We assessed the efficacy of a lignite waste derived humic substance on barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) growth, with and without inorganic fertilizer. Ten treatments were applied to sandy soils, comprising sole application of the humic product at four rates (NH1, NH2, NH3, NH4), sole application of fertilizer (F), and their combinations (F+NH1, F+NH2, F+NH3, F+NH4). Synergistic effects of nano humus and fertilizer were more notable than the corresponding sole application, particularly on plant biomass and seed production. Combined application with inorganic fertilizer increased root biomass by 92 % (0.1 g per plant ), shoot biomass by 80 % (0.5 g per plant), root length by 24 % (3.6 cm), and seed production by 38 % (5 seeds per head) averagely relative to the untreated control, suggesting a strong synergistic effect. The increased seed production was particularly important from an agricultural perspective. Four application rates of nano humus all showed beneficial effects on barley growth with no significant differences. The most distinct positive effect of the humic product as a sole application was on root growth. Our study confirmed that a lignite waste derived humic product, nano humus, together with fertilizer may be an effective soil amendment to enhance agricultural plant growth in sandy soil regions.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Combined nano humus and fertilizer had more notable synergistic effects on biomass and seed production than sole applications.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- nano humus and fertilizere0
- Outcome
- plant biomass and seed productione0
- Direction
- more notablee0
- Comparator
- corresponding sole applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Synergistic effects of nano humus and fertilizer were more notable than the corresponding sole application, particularly on plant biomass and seed production.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased barley root biomass by 92% relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Combined application with inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 92 %e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined application with inorganic fertilizer increased root biomass by 92 % (0.1 g per plant ), shoot biomass by 80 % (0.5 g per plant), root length by 24 % (3.6 cm), and seed production by 38 % (5 seeds per head) averagely relative to the untreated control”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased barley shoot biomass by 80% relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Combined application with inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 80 %e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined application with inorganic fertilizer increased root biomass by 92 % (0.1 g per plant ), shoot biomass by 80 % (0.5 g per plant), root length by 24 % (3.6 cm), and seed production by 38 % (5 seeds per head) averagely relative to the untreated control”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased barley root length by 24% relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Combined application with inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 24 %e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined application with inorganic fertilizer increased root biomass by 92 % (0.1 g per plant ), shoot biomass by 80 % (0.5 g per plant), root length by 24 % (3.6 cm), and seed production by 38 % (5 seeds per head) averagely relative to the untreated control”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application increased barley seed production by 38% relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Combined application with inorganic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- seed productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 38 %e0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined application with inorganic fertilizer increased root biomass by 92 % (0.1 g per plant ), shoot biomass by 80 % (0.5 g per plant), root length by 24 % (3.6 cm), and seed production by 38 % (5 seeds per head) averagely relative to the untreated control”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
All four nano humus application rates benefited barley growth without significant differences among rates.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Four application rates of nano humuse0
- Outcome
- barley growthe0
- Direction
- beneficial effectse0
- Comparator
- no significant differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Four application rates of nano humus all showed beneficial effects on barley growth with no significant differences.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole humic product application had its most distinct positive effect on root growth.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- humic product as a sole applicatione0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- positive effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most distinct positive effect of the humic product as a sole application was on root growth.”
t0“barley”
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