Abstract
Plants such as wheat and barley that are strategically important crops need to be considered to develop a comprehensive toxicity profile for nanoparticles (NPs). The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of chitosan and SiO2 NPs on wheat and barley plants. Two factorial experiments (seeds priming and direct exposure) were performed based on a completely randomized design in four replications. Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG). In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters. In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control. In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits. According to these results, selectivity in applications of NPs with suitable concentration and method is essential for different plant species.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Priming had no significant effect on wheat germination parameters.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- seeds priming with the NPse0
- Outcome
- germination parameterse0
- Direction
- had not significant effecte0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG).”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming had no significant effect on barley germination parameters.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- seeds priming with the NPse0
- Outcome
- germination parameterse0
- Direction
- had not significant effecte0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that the seeds priming with the NPs had not significant effect on germination parameters such as Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), Germination Value (GV), Mean Germination Time (MGT), Pick Value (PV) and Mean Daily Germination (MDG).”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct exposure significantly affected wheat germination parameters.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- exposure of the seeds to the NPse0
- Outcome
- these parameterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct exposure significantly affected barley germination parameters.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- exposure of the seeds to the NPse0
- Outcome
- these parameterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, exposure of the seeds to the NPs had significant effects on these parameters.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle treatments significantly affected wheat seedling growth and vigor.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- shoot, seedling, root lengthe0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle treatments significantly affected barley seedling growth and vigor.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexese0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both experiments, treatments had significant effects on shoot, seedling, root length, fresh and dry weight, as well as vigor indexes as compared to the control.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The best nanoparticle concentration for most wheat traits was 30 ppm.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- best concentration of NPse0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 30 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The best nanoparticle concentration for most barley traits was 30 ppm.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- best concentration of NPse0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 30 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 90 ppm, nanoparticles adversely affected most wheat traits.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- applications of the NPs with 90 ppme0
- Outcome
- studied traitse0
- Direction
- adverse effectse0
- Value
- 30 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At 90 ppm, nanoparticles adversely affected most barley traits.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- applications of the NPs with 90 ppme0
- Outcome
- studied traitse0
- Direction
- adverse effectse0
- Value
- 30 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most traits, the best concentration of NPs was 30 ppm, whereas applications of the NPs with 90 ppm displayed adverse effects on majority of the studied traits.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants”
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