Abstract
ABSTRACT Copper (Cu)-contaminated soils are becoming more common, and phytoremediation is an effective strategy for reducing the negative effects of Cu on soils. Tree species are commonly used for this technique because they act as a barrier to this type of contamination. It is necessary to evaluate Cu tolerance and toxicity thresholds together with the harm this metal causes to plants. The objective of the current study was to investigate the tolerance of Handroanthus heptaphyllus plants to Cu through morpho-physiological, biochemical, and tissue Cu concentration analyses. H. heptaphyllus seedlings were subjected to nutrient solutions with varying concentrations of copper: 0, 5, 32, 64, 96, and 128 µM Cu in a hydroponic system. We conducted a morpho-physiological trait analysis on shoot height, root length, dry weight, morphological variables of the root system, leaf area, and photosynthetic variables. In addition, we also looked into photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and Cu accumulation in tissues. The values obtained for variables such as dry weight and pigments did not show significant differences, regardless of Cu concentration. Moreover, photosynthetic and transpiration rates were negatively affected only at the highest Cu concentration (128 µM). Overall, excess Cu had no effect on Handroanthus heptaphyllus below 128 µM. Cu accumulated mainly in the roots without a decrease in biomass, which could indicate the tolerance of the species to this metal as well as its great potential in the phytostabilization of Cu in contaminated soils.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling dry weight did not differ significantly across copper concentrations.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllus
.jpg?width=60)
Handroanthus heptaphyllust0 - Treatment
- varying concentrations of coppere1
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- did not show significant differencese0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The values obtained for variables such as dry weight and pigments did not show significant differences, regardless of Cu concentration.”
e1“H. heptaphyllus seedlings were subjected to nutrient solutions with varying concentrations of copper: 0, 5, 32, 64, 96, and 128 µM Cu in a hydroponic system.”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling pigment levels did not differ significantly across copper concentrations.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Treatment
- varying concentrations of coppere1
- Outcome
- pigmentse0
- Direction
- did not show significant differencese0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The values obtained for variables such as dry weight and pigments did not show significant differences, regardless of Cu concentration.”
e1“H. heptaphyllus seedlings were subjected to nutrient solutions with varying concentrations of copper: 0, 5, 32, 64, 96, and 128 µM Cu in a hydroponic system.”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic rate was negatively affected only at 128 µM copper.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Treatment
- 128 µMe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetice0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“photosynthetic and transpiration rates were negatively affected only at the highest Cu concentration (128 µM).”
e1“H. heptaphyllus seedlings were subjected to nutrient solutions with varying concentrations of copper: 0, 5, 32, 64, 96, and 128 µM Cu in a hydroponic system.”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration rate was negatively affected only at 128 µM copper.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Treatment
- 128 µMe0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratese0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“photosynthetic and transpiration rates were negatively affected only at the highest Cu concentration (128 µM).”
e1“H. heptaphyllus seedlings were subjected to nutrient solutions with varying concentrations of copper: 0, 5, 32, 64, 96, and 128 µM Cu in a hydroponic system.”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors report no overall copper effect below 128 µM in Handroanthus.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphylluse0
- Treatment
- excess Cue0
- Outcome
- no effect on Handroanthus heptaphylluse0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- below 128 µMe0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, excess Cu had no effect on Handroanthus heptaphyllus below 128 µM.”
e1“H. heptaphyllus seedlings were subjected to nutrient solutions with varying concentrations of copper: 0, 5, 32, 64, 96, and 128 µM Cu in a hydroponic system.”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper accumulated mainly in the roots.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- Cu accumulated mainly in the rootse0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu accumulated mainly in the roots without a decrease in biomass”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper accumulation occurred without a decrease in biomass.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- without a decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu accumulated mainly in the roots without a decrease in biomass”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret root copper accumulation without biomass loss as evidence of copper tolerance and potential for phytostabilization.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- tolerance of the species to this metale0
- Qualifier
- could indicatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu accumulated mainly in the roots without a decrease in biomass, which could indicate the tolerance of the species to this metal as well as its great potential in the phytostabilization of Cu in contaminated soils.”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Handroanthus has strong potential for copper phytostabilization in contaminated soils.
- Taxon
- Handroanthus heptaphyllusHandroanthus heptaphyllust0
- Outcome
- great potential in the phytostabilization of Cu in contaminated soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its great potential in the phytostabilization of Cu in contaminated soils.”
t0“Handroanthus heptaphyllus”