Abstract
Copper (Cu) contamination in paddy fields leads to excessive Cu in rice grains and a low grain yield, posing a serious threat to sustainable agricultural production. We propose the application of seed priming with silver ions (Ag + ) as biostimulants to trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhance immune responses, thereby improving rice resistance to Cu stress. The results showed that seed priming with 10 μM Ag + significantly improved rice tolerance to Cu, increased the fresh biomass by 22.1%, and reduced the Cu content in the roots and shoots by 25.3 and 13.4%, respectively, compared to the hydropriming treatments. Furthermore, seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots. More Cu was immobilized in the root cell wall, thereby significantly enhancing root cell viability, maintaining the root morphology, and reducing malondialdehyde accumulation. Transcriptomics analyses revealed that Ag + -priming activated the phytohormone signal transduction and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and other kinase signaling pathways in rice roots under Cu stress. These signals triggered the upregulation of defense-related gene expression, including the Cu vesicle transporter gene, oxidoreductase activity genes, and hydrogen peroxide catabolic process genes, amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism. This study suggests that seed Ag + -priming is a simple and effective way to alleviate Cu toxicity and decrease Cu accumulation in rice, which ensures safe rice production in a sustainable way.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Seed priming with 10 uM silver ions significantly improved rice tolerance to copper stress compared with hydropriming.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- rice tolerance to Cue0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- hydropriming treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + significantly improved rice tolerance to Cu, increased the fresh biomass by 22.1%, and reduced the Cu content in the roots and shoots by 25.3 and 13.4%, respectively, compared to the hydropriming treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion seed priming increased rice fresh biomass by 22.1% relative to hydropriming under Cu stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- fresh biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22.1%e0
- Comparator
- hydropriming treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + significantly improved rice tolerance to Cu, increased the fresh biomass by 22.1%, and reduced the Cu content in the roots and shoots by 25.3 and 13.4%, respectively, compared to the hydropriming treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion seed priming reduced Cu content in rice roots by 25.3% relative to hydropriming.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Cu contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 25.3e0
- Comparator
- hydropriming treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + significantly improved rice tolerance to Cu, increased the fresh biomass by 22.1%, and reduced the Cu content in the roots and shoots by 25.3 and 13.4%, respectively, compared to the hydropriming treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion seed priming reduced Cu content in rice shoots by 13.4% relative to hydropriming.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Cu contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 13.4%e0
- Comparator
- hydropriming treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + significantly improved rice tolerance to Cu, increased the fresh biomass by 22.1%, and reduced the Cu content in the roots and shoots by 25.3 and 13.4%, respectively, compared to the hydropriming treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion priming raised Ca content in rice shoots by 15.1%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- contents of Cae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 15.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion priming raised Fe content in rice shoots by 14.9%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Fee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 14.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion priming raised Mg content in rice shoots by 10.2%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Mge0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 10.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion priming raised Ca content in rice roots by 21.0%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Cae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 21.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion priming raised Mn content in rice roots by 37.0%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Mne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 37.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver-ion priming raised Mg content in rice roots by 29.1%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- seed priming with 10 μM Ag +e0
- Outcome
- Mge0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 29.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed priming with 10 μM Ag + increased nutrient uptake in rice, leading to higher contents of Ca (15.1%), Fe (14.9%), and Mg (10.2%) in the shoots as well as Ca (21.0%), Mn (37.0%), and Mg (29.1%) in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
More Cu was immobilized in the root cell wall of primed rice under Cu stress.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- root cell walle0
- Outcome
- Cu was immobilized in the root cell walle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“More Cu was immobilized in the root cell wall”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming significantly enhanced rice root cell viability and maintained root morphology.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Outcome
- root cell viability, maintaining the root morphologye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“significantly enhancing root cell viability, maintaining the root morphology”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming reduced malondialdehyde accumulation in rice under Cu stress.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“reducing malondialdehyde accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptomics showed that Ag+ priming activated phytohormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling and other kinase signaling pathways in rice roots under Cu stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- rice rootse0
- Treatment
- Ag + -priminge0
- Outcome
- phytohormone signal transduction and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathwaye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ag + -priming activated the phytohormone signal transduction and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and other kinase signaling pathways in rice roots under Cu stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Signaling activation led to upregulation of defense-related genes, including a Cu vesicle transporter gene, oxidoreductase genes and hydrogen peroxide catabolic genes.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativat0
- Gene
- Cu vesicle transporter genee0
- Outcome
- upregulation of defense-related gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“triggered the upregulation of defense-related gene expression, including the Cu vesicle transporter gene, oxidoreductase activity genes, and hydrogen peroxide catabolic process genes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that seed Ag+ priming is a simple and effective way to alleviate Cu toxicity and decrease Cu accumulation in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- alleviate Cu toxicity and decrease Cu accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed Ag + -priming is a simple and effective way to alleviate Cu toxicity and decrease Cu accumulation in rice”
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